{"title":"将糖脂与阿尔茨海默病淀粉样蛋白联系起来-ß:细胞外小泡和功能性植物材料。","authors":"Kohei Yuyama, Yasuyuki Igarashi","doi":"10.1007/s10719-022-10066-8","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) are a specialized class of membrane lipids composed of a ceramide and a carbohydrate head group. GSLs are localized in cell membranes and were recently found to be enriched in the membrane of neuron-derived exosomes, which are a type of extracellular vesicle. Our studies demonstrated that exosomal GSLs may be associated with the amyloid-ß (Aß) peptide, a principal agent of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and act to clear Aß by transporting Aß into brain phagocytic microglia. In this review, we summarize and discuss the function of exosomal GSLs in Aß homeostasis in AD pathology. Improvement in Aß clearance is a potent strategy for AD prevention and therapy. Dietary glucosylceramides (GlcCer) isolated from plants are absorbed into the body as various metabolites, including ceramides. Our recent work demonstrated that dietary GlcCer accelerates neuronal exosome production, which facilitates Aß clearance in mice. Furthermore, studies of AD model mice and human clinical trials have found that oral administration of plant-type GlcCer attenuates the Aß burden in the brain. We also introduce the development of plant-type GlcCer as functional food materials to prevent AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":12762,"journal":{"name":"Glycoconjugate Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7000,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"7","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Linking glycosphingolipids to Alzheimer's amyloid-ß: extracellular vesicles and functional plant materials.\",\"authors\":\"Kohei Yuyama, Yasuyuki Igarashi\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10719-022-10066-8\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) are a specialized class of membrane lipids composed of a ceramide and a carbohydrate head group. GSLs are localized in cell membranes and were recently found to be enriched in the membrane of neuron-derived exosomes, which are a type of extracellular vesicle. Our studies demonstrated that exosomal GSLs may be associated with the amyloid-ß (Aß) peptide, a principal agent of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and act to clear Aß by transporting Aß into brain phagocytic microglia. In this review, we summarize and discuss the function of exosomal GSLs in Aß homeostasis in AD pathology. Improvement in Aß clearance is a potent strategy for AD prevention and therapy. Dietary glucosylceramides (GlcCer) isolated from plants are absorbed into the body as various metabolites, including ceramides. Our recent work demonstrated that dietary GlcCer accelerates neuronal exosome production, which facilitates Aß clearance in mice. Furthermore, studies of AD model mice and human clinical trials have found that oral administration of plant-type GlcCer attenuates the Aß burden in the brain. We also introduce the development of plant-type GlcCer as functional food materials to prevent AD.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":12762,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Glycoconjugate Journal\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2022-10-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"7\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Glycoconjugate Journal\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"99\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10719-022-10066-8\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"生物学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2022/8/3 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Glycoconjugate Journal","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10719-022-10066-8","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2022/8/3 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Linking glycosphingolipids to Alzheimer's amyloid-ß: extracellular vesicles and functional plant materials.
Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) are a specialized class of membrane lipids composed of a ceramide and a carbohydrate head group. GSLs are localized in cell membranes and were recently found to be enriched in the membrane of neuron-derived exosomes, which are a type of extracellular vesicle. Our studies demonstrated that exosomal GSLs may be associated with the amyloid-ß (Aß) peptide, a principal agent of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and act to clear Aß by transporting Aß into brain phagocytic microglia. In this review, we summarize and discuss the function of exosomal GSLs in Aß homeostasis in AD pathology. Improvement in Aß clearance is a potent strategy for AD prevention and therapy. Dietary glucosylceramides (GlcCer) isolated from plants are absorbed into the body as various metabolites, including ceramides. Our recent work demonstrated that dietary GlcCer accelerates neuronal exosome production, which facilitates Aß clearance in mice. Furthermore, studies of AD model mice and human clinical trials have found that oral administration of plant-type GlcCer attenuates the Aß burden in the brain. We also introduce the development of plant-type GlcCer as functional food materials to prevent AD.
期刊介绍:
Glycoconjugate Journal publishes articles and reviews on all areas concerned with:
function, composition, structure, biosynthesis, degradation, interactions, recognition and chemo-enzymatic synthesis of glycoconjugates (glycoproteins, glycolipids, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides and proteoglycans), biochemistry, molecular biology, biotechnology, immunology and cell biology of glycoconjugates, aspects related to disease processes (immunological, inflammatory, arthritic infections, metabolic disorders, malignancy, neurological disorders), structural and functional glycomics, glycoimmunology, glycovaccines, organic synthesis of glycoconjugates and the development of methodologies if biologically relevant, glycosylation changes in disease if focused on either the discovery of a novel disease marker or the improved understanding of some basic pathological mechanism, articles on the effects of toxicological agents (alcohol, tobacco, narcotics, environmental agents) on glycosylation, and the use of glycotherapeutics.
Glycoconjugate Journal is the official journal of the International Glycoconjugate Organization, which is responsible for organizing the biennial International Symposia on Glycoconjugates.