卡文迪什实验室的科学计算和女性计算机先驱。

IF 0.9 3区哲学 Q2 HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE

Annals of Science Pub Date : 2022-10-01 Epub Date: 2022-08-07 DOI:10.1080/00033790.2022.2106382

C S Leedham, V L Allan

{"title":"卡文迪什实验室的科学计算和女性计算机先驱。","authors":"C S Leedham, V L Allan","doi":"10.1080/00033790.2022.2106382","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"The use of computers and the role of women in radio astronomy and X-ray crystallography research at the Cavendish Laboratory between 1949 and 1975 have been investigated. We recorded examples of when computers were used, what they were used for and who used them from hundreds of papers published during these years. The use of the EDSAC, EDSAC 2 and TITAN computers was found to increase considerably over this time-scale and they were used for a diverse range of applications. The majority of references to computer operators and programmers referred to women, 57% for astronomy and 62% for crystallography, in contrast to a very small proportion, 4% and 13% respectively, of female authors of papers.","PeriodicalId":8086,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9000,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"1","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Scientific computing in the Cavendish Laboratory and the pioneering women computors.\",\"authors\":\"C S Leedham, V L Allan\",\"doi\":\"10.1080/00033790.2022.2106382\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"The use of computers and the role of women in radio astronomy and X-ray crystallography research at the Cavendish Laboratory between 1949 and 1975 have been investigated. We recorded examples of when computers were used, what they were used for and who used them from hundreds of papers published during these years. The use of the EDSAC, EDSAC 2 and TITAN computers was found to increase considerably over this time-scale and they were used for a diverse range of applications. The majority of references to computer operators and programmers referred to women, 57% for astronomy and 62% for crystallography, in contrast to a very small proportion, 4% and 13% respectively, of female authors of papers.\",\"PeriodicalId\":8086,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Annals of Science\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.9000,\"publicationDate\":\"2022-10-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"1\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Annals of Science\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"98\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/00033790.2022.2106382\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"哲学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2022/8/7 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Annals of Science","FirstCategoryId":"98","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00033790.2022.2106382","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2022/8/7 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

摘要

研究人员调查了1949年至1975年间卡文迪什实验室在射电天文学和x射线晶体学研究中计算机的使用和妇女的作用。我们从这些年来发表的数百篇论文中记录了计算机使用的时间、用途和使用者的例子。EDSAC、EDSAC 2和TITAN计算机的使用在这段时间内显著增加，它们被用于各种各样的应用。大多数计算机操作员和程序员提到的是女性，天文学和晶体学分别占57%和62%，而女性论文作者的比例非常小，分别为4%和13%。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

查看原文本刊更多论文

Scientific computing in the Cavendish Laboratory and the pioneering women computors.

The use of computers and the role of women in radio astronomy and X-ray crystallography research at the Cavendish Laboratory between 1949 and 1975 have been investigated. We recorded examples of when computers were used, what they were used for and who used them from hundreds of papers published during these years. The use of the EDSAC, EDSAC 2 and TITAN computers was found to increase considerably over this time-scale and they were used for a diverse range of applications. The majority of references to computer operators and programmers referred to women, 57% for astronomy and 62% for crystallography, in contrast to a very small proportion, 4% and 13% respectively, of female authors of papers.

求助全文

通过发布文献求助，成功后即可免费获取论文全文。去求助

来源期刊

Annals of Science 综合性期刊-科学史与科学哲学

CiteScore

0.80

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Annals of Science , launched in 1936, publishes work on the history of science, technology and medicine, covering developments from classical antiquity to the late 20th century. The Journal has a global reach, both in terms of the work that it publishes, and also in terms of its readership. The editors particularly welcome submissions from authors in Asia, Africa and South America. Each issue contains research articles, and a comprehensive book reviews section, including essay reviews on a group of books on a broader level. Articles are published in both English and French, and the Journal welcomes proposals for special issues on relevant topics. The Editors and Publisher are committed to supporting early career researchers, and award an annual prize to the best submission from current doctoral students, or those awarded a doctorate in the past four years.