Effects of stress-associated odor on ventilation rate and feeding performance in Nile tilapia.

In this study, we described immediate/acute reactions to stress-related chemical cues (SC - Stress Cue) in fish. Specifically, we evaluated the effects of SC on ventilation rate (VR) and feeding behavior in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), a highly relevant species for world aquaculture, therefore, to understand the diversity of stressful contexts and stress responses in this species have important practical applications (stress reduction). Stress cue was obtained from conspecifics exposed to a handling stressor. Stress was confirmed by measuring plasma cortisol levels. The responses to SC were contrasted to chemical control cues: a cue originated from non-stressed conspecifics and pure water (vehicle control). We observed that Nile tilapia exposed to SC had an increase in VR, but without effects on feeding behavior (feeding latency and ingestion). Thus, the SC is a stressor that induces readily stress response (VR increase), suggesting sympathetic activation, but did not change feeding performance. In practical terms, it is positive because although social propagation of stress via SC elicits a stress response, it did not harm appetite.