日本住院医师计划中家庭护理对社区医学培训的教育影响。

Hidenobu Kawabata, Megumi Kawabata, Manabu Murakami, Masaji Maezawa
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引用次数: 0

摘要

考虑到日本的老龄化社会,居家老人的数量预计会增加,这类患者的医疗保健服务将需要扩大。作者在一家农村医院实施了为期一个月的试点项目,以家庭护理为教育手段,进一步提高住院医师实习生对社区医学的认识。该项目在9名住院医生中进行。每位住院医生都在一名经验丰富的护士的陪同下接受了八次家访。培训结束后,为了调查培训计划的效果,住院医生接受了关于他们经历的访谈。采用定性方法对调查结果进行分析。通过分析,得出了住院医师学习的六大类别。它们包括:培养良好的医患关系,同时认识到心理社会方面的问题;根据道德和病人的喜好作出决策;团队合作的价值;老年护理的医学知识;考虑家庭护理本身的概念;以及地方特色的重要性。本研究发现,与老年病团队的居家照护经验,不仅有助于加深住院医师对居家老年病照护的知识和技能,也有助于培养住院医师对心理社会方面的考虑态度。本研究的结论是,居家照护计划对于住院医师管理慢性老年病患,是一个有价值且有用的教育工具。居民在目睹患者在社区的日常生活时,获得了一种整合患者和医生视角的新视角。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The educational impact of home care in community medicine training in a Japanese medical residency program.

In light of Japan's aging society, the number of homebound people is expected to increase, and health care services for such patients will need to expand. The authors implemented a one-month pilot program in a rural hospital, which uses home care as an educational tool to further resident interns' understanding in community medicine. The program was conducted for nine medical residents. Each resident was involved in a series of eight home visits, accompanied by an experienced nurse. Upon completion, to investigate the effect of the training program, the residents were interviewed about their experiences. Responses were analyzed by using qualitative methodology. Six categories for residents' learning emerged from the analysis. They included: fostering good doctor-patient relationships while recognizing psychosocial aspects, decision-making in view of ethics and patients' preferences, the value of teamwork, medical knowledge in geriatric care, consideration of the notion of home care itself, and the significance of local characteristics. It was found that home care experience with a geriatric team can not only help deepen the residents' knowledge and skills regarding geriatric care at home, but also foster the residents' attitude toward consideration of psychosocial aspects. It was concluded that initiating a home care program is both a valuable and useful educational tool for residents in managing chronic elderly patients. Residents achieved a new viewpoint which integrated both patients' and physicians' perspectives while witnessing patients' daily lives in the community.

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