辐射风险感知的心理生理特征。

M V Gresko, I V Perchuk
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的:确定辐射风险感知的主观和心理生理特征,识别具有破坏性的个体类型人格特征,以及可作为各种辐射灾害和事故受害者心理补偿基础的因素。目的与方法:对切尔诺贝利事故后果清理者(清理工人)和切尔诺贝利隔离区(CEZ)撤离者(共317人)、反恐行动(ATO)参与者(101人)和对照组(85人)进行辐射风险肥大感知的心理测量学和神经生理学参数的比较分析。我们使用了精神诊断和神经生理学(计算机脑电图)技术。结果:与对照组和对照组相比,清理者组和疏散者组的辐射风险感知增厚者显著增加(清理者71.88%,清理者-撤离者80.0%,撤离者76.92%,ATO参与者33.78%,对照组35.0%)。在辐射危险因素认知肥大的被调查者中,辐射因素,尤其是与电离辐射相关的疾病,在31个评价因素中均居首位。对辐射风险有充分认识的受访者主要关注社会压力和环境因素。相关分析显示,肥大的辐射风险感知与实际记录的辐射剂量之间没有相关性。感知肥大取决于性别、教育水平、家庭收入和电离辐射知识水平。它会影响一个人对健康的看法,让你感到无助,增加切尔诺贝利灾难和日本福岛一号灾难的痛苦程度,而且还与尊严革命有关。辐射风险感知的肥大导致身心健康障碍和人格特征的变形。对辐射威胁感知肥大患者脑生物电活动参数的对比分析显示,脑δ、θ和β活动增加,α活动和主导频率受到抑制。结论:在所有的检查组中,有显著比例的人有肥大的知觉被揭示。在感知辐射风险的过程中,发挥关键作用的不是情况的实际危险和记录的辐射剂量,而是对其的感知和认识。辐射风险感知的肥大导致心身健康障碍和人格特征的变形,这已被神经生理学研究证实。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF RADIATION RISK PERCEPTION.

Objective: to determine the subjective and psychophysiological characteristics of the perception of radiation risk,to identify destructive individual-typological personality traits, as well as factors that can be the basis of psycho-logical compensation for victims of various radiation disasters and accidents.

Object and method: A comparative analysis of psychometric and neurophysiological parameters of hypertrophiedperception of radiation risk in the following groups was carried out: liquidators (clean-up workers) of the conse-quences of the Chornobyl accident and evacuees from the Chornobyl exclusion zone (CEZ) - 317 people total, par-ticipants in the anti-terrorist operation (ATO) - 101 people, and control group - 85 people. We used psychodiagnos-tic and neurophysiological (computerized electroencephalography) techniques.

Results: In the groups of liquidators and evacuees from CEZ there are significantly more people with hypertrophiedperception of radiation risk compared to the control group and the comparison group (liquidators - 71.88 %, liqui-dators-evacuees - 80.0 %, evacuees 76.92 %, ATO participants - 33.78 %, control group - 35.0 %). Among therespondents with hypertrophied perception of radiation risk radiation factors, and, most of all, diseases associatedwith ionizing radiation, hold the first rank places among 31 evaluated factors in all groups. The respondents withadequate perception of the radiation risk are primarily concerned about social stress and environmental factors.Correlation analysis showed that there are no correlation between hypertrophied perception of radiation risk andactual documented radiation dose. Hypertrophied perception depends on gender, level of education, family incomeand level of knowledge about ionizing radiation. It affects perception of one's health, makes you feel helpless,increase the level of distress from the Chornobyl disaster and the Fukushima-1 disaster in Japan, and is also associ-ated with the Revolution of Dignity. Hypertrophied perception of radiation risk contributes to disorders of psycho-somatic health and deformation of personality traits. Comparative analysis of the parameters of bioelectrical activ-ity of the brain of persons with hypertrophied perception of the radiation threat showed an increase in brain's delta-,theta- and beta- activity with suppression of alpha-activity and dominant frequency.

Conclusions: In all examined groups a significant percentage of people with hypertrophied perception wererevealed. The key role in the process of perception of a radiation risk is played not by the real danger of the situa-tion and the documented dose of radiation, but by its perception and awareness. Hypertrophied perception of theradiation risk contributes to psychosomatic health disorders and deformation of personality traits, which is con-firmed by neurophysiological studies.

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Problemy radiatsiinoi medytsyny ta radiobiolohii
Problemy radiatsiinoi medytsyny ta radiobiolohii Medicine-Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
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