阈下触觉反馈的不稳定性改变了精神分裂症患者的控制感。

IF 4.6 1区 心理学 Q1 Medicine
François R Foerster, Sébastien Weibel, Patrick Poncelet, André Dufour, Yvonne N Delevoye-Turrell, Antonio Capobianco, Laurent Ott, Anne Giersch
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引用次数: 7

摘要

有人提出,精神分裂症患者的代理障碍依赖于对预测误差的异常处理。对不相关的预测错误反应过度可能导致将自己的行为归因于外部因素。当应用于感知时,这可以解释幻觉。然而,在运动控制或感知方面的实验主要表明预测误差不足。采用一种基于时间延迟操纵的新方法,23名精神分裂症患者、18名双相情感障碍患者和22名健康参与者使用触觉装置执行指向任务,该触觉装置提供无延迟或有延迟的触觉反馈,这些触觉反馈被有意识地(65 ms)或无意识地(15 ms)处理。预测误差的处理是通过手轨迹的自适应来测量的,即预期表面的减速,以及它作为最近历史(稳定或不稳定的感官反馈)的函数的调制。通过测量参与者控制设备的感觉来评估代理。只有精神分裂症患者报告了潜意识延迟触觉反馈后控制感的下降和潜意识延迟触觉反馈后适应的减速持续时间。这种效应与阳性症状相关。只有当延迟以不可预测的方式反复发生时,即具有波动性分布时,才会出现对阈下延迟的过度反应。结果表明,时间上的微小不确定性可以忽略不计,却会引发异常的过度反应,从而导致幻觉和患者意识控制感的改变。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA,版权所有)。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Volatility of subliminal haptic feedback alters the feeling of control in schizophrenia.

It has been proposed that agency disorders found in schizophrenia rely on aberrant processing of prediction error. Overreactivity to nonpertinent prediction errors may lead to the attribution of one's own actions to an external source. When applied to perception, this could explain hallucinations. However, experiments in motor control or perception have mainly suggested deficient prediction errors. Using a novel approach based on the manipulation of temporal delays, 23 patients with schizophrenia, 18 patients with bipolar disorder, and 22 healthy participants performed a pointing task with a haptic device that provided haptic feedback without or with delays, which were processed consciously (65 ms) or unconsciously (15 ms). The processing of prediction errors was measured via the adaptation of the hand trajectory, that is, the deceleration in anticipation of the surface, and its modulation as a function of recent history (stable or unstable sensory feedback). Agency was evaluated by measuring the participants' feeling of controlling the device. Only patients with schizophrenia reported a decrease in the feeling of control following subliminally delayed haptic feedback and adapted deceleration durations following subliminally delayed haptic feedback. This effect was correlated with positive symptoms. The overreactivity to subliminal delays was present only when delays occurred repeatedly in an unpredictable way, that is, with a volatile distribution. The results suggest that small temporal uncertainties that should be held as negligible, trigger an aberrant overreactivity which could account for hallucinations and alterations of the patients' conscious feeling of control. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

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期刊介绍: The Journal of Abnormal Psychology® publishes articles on basic research and theory in the broad field of abnormal behavior, its determinants, and its correlates. The following general topics fall within its area of major focus: - psychopathology—its etiology, development, symptomatology, and course; - normal processes in abnormal individuals; - pathological or atypical features of the behavior of normal persons; - experimental studies, with human or animal subjects, relating to disordered emotional behavior or pathology; - sociocultural effects on pathological processes, including the influence of gender and ethnicity; and - tests of hypotheses from psychological theories that relate to abnormal behavior.
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