与精神分裂症门诊患者使用第一代抗精神病药物相关的药物不良反应的程度、性质和风险因素:一项横断面研究

IF 2.1 Q3 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY
Integrated Pharmacy Research and Practice Pub Date : 2020-10-14 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI:10.2147/IPRP.S271814
Merhawi Bahta, Tzeggai Berhe, Mulugeta Russom, Eyasu H Tesfamariam, Azieb Ogbaghebriel
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:抗精神病药物的不良反应是治疗精神病患者的主要挑战之一。许多研究使用标准化量表对患者报告的不良反应程度进行了评估,但结果并不一致。然而,在厄立特里亚却鲜有此类研究。因此,本研究旨在使用 LUNSERS 自评量表确定厄立特里亚阿斯马拉圣玛丽神经精神病国家转诊医院门诊精神分裂症患者第一代抗精神病药物不良反应的程度、性质和可能的相关风险因素:采用横断面、描述性和分析性研究设计,使用定量方法。数据来自患者自填的问卷、访谈和病历。收集到的变量使用 SPSS 22.0 进行分析,包括描述性统计、相关性、t 检验、方差分析和多元回归。统计显著性以 P 值检验:在本研究中,93.8% 的研究参与者至少经历过一次 ADR。LUNSERS 相关项目的总平均分为 28.01(SD=18.46),24.7% 的研究参与者得分中等至高等。各类 ADR 的发生率分别为精神(91.3%)、自主神经(78.1%)、锥体外系(76.9%)、其他(66.5%)、激素(58.3%)、抗胆碱能(44.2%)和过敏反应(44.2%)。在多变量水平上,与 ADR 总分呈显著正相关的因素是吸烟(P=0.028)和中等教育水平(P=0.015):结论:大量患者的 ADR 发生率较高,ADR 总分处于中高水平。最常报告的 ADR 包括精神、自主神经、锥体外系、激素和其他。吸烟和中等教育水平被认为是 ADRs 的主要决定因素。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Magnitude, Nature, and Risk Factors of Adverse Drug Reactions Associated with First Generation Antipsychotics in Outpatients with Schizophrenia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: ADRs to antipsychotics are amongst the major challenges in the treatment of patients with psychotic disorders. The extent of patient-reported ADRs assessed in many studies using standardized scales is found to be inconsistent. However, there is a paucity of such research in Eritrea. The aim of the study is therefore to determine the magnitude, nature, and the possible risk factors associated with ADRs of the first generation antipsychotics in outpatients with schizophrenia at Saint Mary Neuro-Psychiatric National Referral Hospital in Asmara, Eritrea, using the LUNSERS self-rating scale.

Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study design utilizing a quantitative approach was employed. Data were collected from patients' self-administered questionnaires, interviews, and medical records. The collected variables were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 with descriptive statistics, correlation, t-tests, ANOVA, and multiple regression. Statistical significance was tested at P-value<0.05.

Results: In this study, 93.8% of the research participants experienced at least one ADR. LUNSERS total mean score of the relevant items was 28.01 (SD=18.46) with 24.7% of the study participants scoring medium-to-high. The prevalence of the categories of ADRs was psychic (91.3%), autonomic (78.1%), extra-pyramidal (76.9%), miscellaneous (66.5%), hormonal (58.3%), anti-cholinergic (44.2%), and allergic reactions (44.2%). At multivariate level, factors significantly and positively associated with total ADR score were smoking (P=0.028) and being at secondary educational level (P=0.015).

Conclusion: There was high prevalence of ADRs with moderate-to-high overall ADR scores in a significant number of patients. The most frequently reported ADRs were psychic, autonomic, extra-pyramidal, hormonal, and miscellaneous. Smoking and secondary level of education were found to be the main determinants of ADRs.

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