{"title":"小牛有三个鼻孔。","authors":"Takeshi Tsuka, Ai Saito, Yoshiharu Okamoto, Yuji Sunden, Takehito Morita, Ryo Nishimura, Yusuke Murahata, Kazuo Azuma, Masamichi Yamashita, Tomohiro Osaki, Norihiko Ito, Tomohiro Imagawa","doi":"10.1186/s13620-020-00173-z","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nasal abnormalities are rare in bovines. In humans, nasal deformities are mainly classified as proboscis lateralis or supernumerary nostrils. This report discusses the etiology of triple nostrils in a calf, based on computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and endoscopy.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A female Holstein calf presented with triple nostrils. The following abnormalities were observed: (1) formation of a small and flat blind-ended middle nostril between the right and left nostrils; (2) presence of a hair-bearing surface on the muzzle; (3) abnormal curvature of the nasal septum, resulting in a narrower right nasal cavity due to transformation of the nasal bones; and (4) formation of a bone-like structure within the nasal septum. These findings were similar to those of supernumerary nostrils in humans.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>To the best of our knowledge, this represents the first description of a calf with triple nostrils. The use of imaging modalities is necessary for investigating the etiology of triple nostrils.</p>","PeriodicalId":54916,"journal":{"name":"Irish Veterinary Journal","volume":"73 ","pages":"19"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7000,"publicationDate":"2020-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s13620-020-00173-z","citationCount":"1","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Triple nostrils in a calf.\",\"authors\":\"Takeshi Tsuka, Ai Saito, Yoshiharu Okamoto, Yuji Sunden, Takehito Morita, Ryo Nishimura, Yusuke Murahata, Kazuo Azuma, Masamichi Yamashita, Tomohiro Osaki, Norihiko Ito, Tomohiro Imagawa\",\"doi\":\"10.1186/s13620-020-00173-z\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nasal abnormalities are rare in bovines. In humans, nasal deformities are mainly classified as proboscis lateralis or supernumerary nostrils. This report discusses the etiology of triple nostrils in a calf, based on computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and endoscopy.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A female Holstein calf presented with triple nostrils. The following abnormalities were observed: (1) formation of a small and flat blind-ended middle nostril between the right and left nostrils; (2) presence of a hair-bearing surface on the muzzle; (3) abnormal curvature of the nasal septum, resulting in a narrower right nasal cavity due to transformation of the nasal bones; and (4) formation of a bone-like structure within the nasal septum. These findings were similar to those of supernumerary nostrils in humans.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>To the best of our knowledge, this represents the first description of a calf with triple nostrils. The use of imaging modalities is necessary for investigating the etiology of triple nostrils.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":54916,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Irish Veterinary Journal\",\"volume\":\"73 \",\"pages\":\"19\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2020-08-27\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s13620-020-00173-z\",\"citationCount\":\"1\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Irish Veterinary Journal\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"97\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13620-020-00173-z\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"农林科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2020/1/1 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"eCollection\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"VETERINARY SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Irish Veterinary Journal","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13620-020-00173-z","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2020/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"VETERINARY SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Nasal abnormalities are rare in bovines. In humans, nasal deformities are mainly classified as proboscis lateralis or supernumerary nostrils. This report discusses the etiology of triple nostrils in a calf, based on computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and endoscopy.
Case presentation: A female Holstein calf presented with triple nostrils. The following abnormalities were observed: (1) formation of a small and flat blind-ended middle nostril between the right and left nostrils; (2) presence of a hair-bearing surface on the muzzle; (3) abnormal curvature of the nasal septum, resulting in a narrower right nasal cavity due to transformation of the nasal bones; and (4) formation of a bone-like structure within the nasal septum. These findings were similar to those of supernumerary nostrils in humans.
Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this represents the first description of a calf with triple nostrils. The use of imaging modalities is necessary for investigating the etiology of triple nostrils.
期刊介绍：
Irish Veterinary Journal is an open access journal with a vision to make a substantial contribution to the dissemination of evidence-based knowledge that will promote optimal health and welfare of both domestic and wild species of animals.
Irish Veterinary Journal has a clinical research focus with an emphasis on the effective management of health in both individual and populations of animals. Published studies will be relevant to both the international veterinary profession and veterinary scientists. Papers relating to veterinary education, veterinary ethics, veterinary public health, or relevant studies in the area of social science (participatory research) are also within the scope of Irish Veterinary Journal.
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