植物可持续生长与分化研究综述及激素在不同胁迫下调控植物生长发育中的作用

Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Shahid Ali, Abdul Majeed Baloch
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引用次数: 10

摘要

植物的发育在许多基本方面与动物不同;因为它们有固定的细胞,坚硬的细胞壁和大的中央液泡。植物的生长和细胞分裂被限制在茎和根的特定区域,称为分生组织。植物具有分化、去分化和再分化的能力。在植物中,生长和分化过程受激素和遗传因素的控制。植物激素对植物的生长发育具有独立/依赖的作用。干细胞池位于顶端分生组织的生态位,这是细胞系统自我更新和维持的来源,为分化的组织提供细胞。激素和其他因素之间复杂的相互作用网络维持着细胞分裂和分化之间的平衡。生长素促进生长,赤霉素对种子萌发的作用,细胞分裂素对细胞分裂的影响,延缓叶片衰老;脱落酸促进气孔关闭和芽休眠,而水杨酸促进对不同疾病的抵抗力。植物经常受到不同的非生物和生物胁迫,例如热、冷、干旱、盐度等,而生物胁迫主要来自真菌、细菌、昆虫等。植物激素在成熟的机制中起着至关重要的作用,帮助植物感知胁迫信号并实现最佳的生长反应。本文综述了植物在正常和逆境条件下生长分化的内在和外在因素。这篇综述还涉及在细胞生长和分化过程中发生的遗传修饰和细胞信号传导。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Overview of Sustainable Plant Growth and Differentiation and the Role of Hormones in Controlling Growth and Development of Plants Under Various Stresses.

Plant development is different from animals by many fundamental aspects; as they have immobilized cells, a rigid cell wall, and the large central vacuole. Plant growth and cell division are restricted to the specific area of the shoot and root called meristems. Plants have the ability to carry out differentiation, dedifferentiation and redifferentiation. In plants, the growth and differentiation processes are controlled by hormonal and genetic factors. Phytohormones can exert independent/ dependent actions on plant growth and development. A pool of stem cells is placed at the niche of the apex meristem, which is the source of self-renewal of the cell system and its maintenance to provide cells to differentiated tissues. A complex interaction network between hormones and other factors maintains a balance between cell division and differentiation. Auxins promote the growth, gibberellins' function in seed germination, cytokinin's influence on cell division and delay leaf senescence; abscisic acid promotes the stomatal closure and bud dormancy, while salicylic acid promotes resistance against different diseases. Plants are often exposed to different abiotic and biotic stresses, for example, heat, cold, drought, salinity etc., whereas biotic stress arises mainly from fungi, bacteria, insect, etc. Phytohormones play a critical role in well-developed mechanisms that help to perceive the stress signal and enable the plant's optimal growth response. In this review, we studied both the intrinsic and extrinsic factors which govern growth and differentiation of plants under normal and stress condition. This review also deals with genetic modifications occurring in the cell and cell signaling during growth and differentiation.

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来源期刊
Recent patents on food, nutrition & agriculture
Recent patents on food, nutrition & agriculture Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Agronomy and Crop Science
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