The route to diagnosis: emergency presentation of lung cancer.

A significant proportion of lung cancer patients are first diagnosed as part of an emergency presentation (EP) to acute medical services. This route to diagnosis is a strong negative predictor of survival, and is associated with age, deprivation and medical co-morbidities. Patients are less likely to receive anticancer treatment than those diagnosed through elective routes. The causes of EP of cancer are complex. When it is unavoidable, prompt input from specialist lung cancer services is needed. Preventing EP of lung cancer involves streamlined diagnostic pathways, public health campaigns about symptoms, decision-support tools for general practitioners, improved communication and access for primary and secondary care, and focus on vague symptoms. Reducing EP of lung cancer is important when improving outcomes and patient experience.