寻找“未来的博物馆”:1910-1940年科学、工业和社会的公共展览。

IF 1.1 3区 哲学 Q2 HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE
History of Science Pub Date : 2021-06-01 Epub Date: 2018-06-08 DOI:10.1177/0073275317751316
Loïc Charles, Yann Giraud
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引用次数: 2

摘要

本文以两位博物馆馆长——比利时书目学家保罗·奥特莱(Paul Otlet, 1868-1944)和奥地利社会科学家奥托·纽赖特(Otto Neurath, 1882-1945)——提出的倡议作为案例研究,以及他们随后与科学家、慈善家、艺术家和社会活动家的广泛合作,为创建一种新形式的博物馆提供了一幅总体运动的肖像:正如纽赖特所称的,“未来的博物馆”。这个博物馆可以通过展示现代工业文明的本质来启迪人们。“未来博物馆”的推动者打算通过组织社会事实的展览来改革博物馆的实践,但也通过整合几个维度——建筑、商业、娱乐、教育和科学技术——来创造一个整体的框架来满足他们的观众。然而,Neurath和Otlet设想的轻松流通的博物馆与他们在试图实现他们的愿景时遇到的许多通常是非物质的边界形成鲜明对比。日益增长的民族主义、社会科学的职业化以及科学庸俗化的日益商业化是解释其失败的一些因素。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Seeking the "museum of the future": Public exhibitions of science, industry, and the social, 1910-1940.

Using as case studies the initiatives developed by two museum curators, the Belgian bibliographer Paul Otlet (1868-1944) and the Austrian social scientist Otto Neurath (1882-1945), and their subsequent collaboration with an extended network of scientists, philanthropists, artists, and social activists, this article provides a portrait of the general movement toward the creation of a new form of museum: the "museum of the future," as Neurath labeled it. This museum would be able to enlighten the people by showing the nature of modern industrial civilization. The promoters of the "museum of the future" intended to reform museum practices by organizing exhibitions of social facts, but also by integrating several dimensions - architecture, commerce, entertainment, pedagogy, and science and technology - to create a holistic frame to address their audience. However, the effortlessly circulating museum Neurath and Otlet envisioned stood in sharp contrast to the many, often immaterial, boundaries they encountered in their attempt to implement their vision. Ever-growing nationalism, the professionalization of social science, and the increasing commercialization of scientific vulgarization are some of the factors that help explain their failure.

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来源期刊
History of Science
History of Science 综合性期刊-科学史与科学哲学
CiteScore
1.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
15
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: History of Science is peer reviewed journal devoted to the history of science, medicine and technology from earliest times to the present day. Articles discussing methodology, and reviews of the current state of knowledge and possibilities for future research, are especially welcome.
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