Identification of Bacteria in the Sputum of a Cystic Fibrosis patient; A Comparison of Phenotypic and Molecular Methods.

Background: Cystic fibrosis (CF), caused by mutations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator gene, is a common autosomal recessive disease. Accurate isolation and identification of the bacteria underlying these infections are is critical to the therapeutic management of CF.

Objective: To compare phenotypic bacterial identification with a molecular method in a CF patient sputum.

Methods: Bacterial identification done by standard microbiological method from a CF patient. Same sample underwent a molecular method involving 16S rDNA amplification, cloning, and sequencing.

Results: All isolated bacteria from culture were also found after cloning PCR Product. Conversely, 9 pathogenic bacterial species were only detected after PCR and cloning.

Conclusion: This study supports prior suggestions that a sequence-based molecular approach to clinical microbiology can significantly enhance the standard clinical culture-based view.