2013年比利时苏氏果蝇种群动态(双翅目:果蝇科)

T Belien, T Thys, C Fassotte, C Walrant, M Tomme, M Bolen, D Bylemans
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摘要

醋蝇铃木果蝇(双翅目果蝇科),斑点翅果蝇,是最近在欧洲建立的一种新的入侵水果害虫。与其他通常只叮咬过熟和腐烂果实的果蝇不同,铃木夜蛾雌性在成熟果实中产卵,导致生产过程中果实的经济损失相当大。2011年和2012年,在比利时的几个地方发现了铃木氏杆菌。2013年,在“苍蝇警报”(FOD)项目框架下,在整个水果生长季节,在比利时100多个地点使用带有液体引诱剂(苹果醋)的陷阱进行了大规模监测。在16个地点,我们还比较了“瓶型”陷阱和“杯型”陷阱的效果。结果表明,比利时的铃木氏夜蛾分布范围已扩大。值得注意的是,在2013年和2012年,第一次检测仅在生长季节的第二部分(8月)进行,种群数量仅在生长季节的最后阶段(11月)达到峰值。瓶型诱蚊器比杯型诱蚊器捕蝇时间早2 ~ 3周。此外,与使用杯形捕集器相比,使用瓶形捕集器监测的种群峰值平均提前1周。2014年,在异常的暖冬之后,整个冬季和早春连续检测到铃氏吉丁蚊成虫。讨论了这些发现对欧洲西北气候区铃木氏夜蛾物候学的意义。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
POPULATION DYNAMICS OF DROSOPHILA SUZUKII (DIPTERA: DROSOPHILIDAE) IN BELGIUM IN 2013.

The vinegar fly Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera Drosophilidae), spotted wing drosophila, is a new invasive fruit pest that recently became established in Europe. Unlike other fruit flies that typically only infest overripe and rotten fruit, D. suzukii females oviposit in ripe fruit leading to considerable economic losses of fruit during production. In 2011 and 2012 D. suzukii was detected at several places in Belgium. In 2013, a large-scale monitoring in frame of the project "FLY ALERT" (FOD) was executed using traps with liquid attractant (apple cider vinegar) at more than 100 locations across Belgium during the whole fruit growing season. At 16 locations we also compared the efficacy of a 'bottle type' trap with a 'cup type' trap. The results show that D. suzukii has expanded its distribution in Belgium. Remarkably, in 2013 as well as in 2012 the first detections were made only in the second part of the growing season (August) and the populations reached their peak only at the very end of the season (November). In the bottle type trap the first flies were caught 2-3 weeks earlier than in the cup type trap. In addition, also the population peaks were on average 1 week earlier when monitored with the bottle trap compared to when monitored with the cup trap. In 2014, after an exceptional mild winter adult D. suzukii flies were continuously detected throughout the winter and early spring. The implications of these findings for the phenology of D. suzukii in the Northwest climate region of Europe are discussed.

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