Prenatal and perinatal risk factors for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

A ttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a highly persistent and prevalent pediatric disorder, constitutes substantial burden to affected patients, their families, and society. Apart from genetics, environmental risk factors relevantly contribute to the etiology of ADHD. With great interest, we read the article by Nomura et al recently published in the Archives suggesting that the combination of maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and low socioeconomic position (SEP) is a strong risk factor for childhood ADHD. Limitations of this study are the selected study base and the relatively small sample size. We aimed to replicate the findings in a large population-based sample.