{"title":"坦桑尼亚5岁以下儿童对乙型肝炎疫苗的免疫力。","authors":"J Metodi, S Aboud, R Mpembeni, E Munubhi","doi":"10.1179/146532810X12703902516167","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatitis B vaccine was introduced in Tanzania in 2002 and is administered as DPT-hepatitis B at 4, 8 and 12 weeks of life.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To determine immunity to hepatitis B virus in children under 5 years attending reproductive and child health (RCH) clinics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional, health facility-based study was conducted between July and December 2007 at Temeke, Amana and Mwananyamala municipal hospitals in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Children under 5 years who had received DPT-HB vaccine as evidenced by RCH card number 1 were included. Blood samples were collected to determine hepatitis B surface antigen (HB(s)Ag) and antibodies to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HB(s)) and hepatitis B core antigen (Anti-HB(c)). An anti-HB(s) level of > or =10 mIU/ml is regarded as protective. Nutritional and HIV status were also determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 296 children under 5 years vaccinated with DPT-HB were recruited, 153 (51.7%) of whom were male. Altogether, 205 (69.3%) children had anti-HB(s) levels > or =10 mIU/ml. The number of DPT-HB vaccine doses, time interval since last DPT-HB dose and HIV status were significant predictors of anti-HB(s) levels. Five children (1.7%) were positive for HB(s)Ag, suggesting possible vertical transmission. No child had anti-HB(c) antibodies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>More than two-thirds of children under 5 years had protective anti-HB(s) levels. A change in the hepatitis B immunisation schedule to include a dose immediately after birth should improve immunity.</p>","PeriodicalId":50759,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Tropical Paediatrics","volume":"30 2","pages":"129-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1179/146532810X12703902516167","citationCount":"22","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Immunity to hepatitis B vaccine in Tanzanian under-5 children.\",\"authors\":\"J Metodi, S Aboud, R Mpembeni, E Munubhi\",\"doi\":\"10.1179/146532810X12703902516167\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatitis B vaccine was introduced in Tanzania in 2002 and is administered as DPT-hepatitis B at 4, 8 and 12 weeks of life.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To determine immunity to hepatitis B virus in children under 5 years attending reproductive and child health (RCH) clinics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional, health facility-based study was conducted between July and December 2007 at Temeke, Amana and Mwananyamala municipal hospitals in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Children under 5 years who had received DPT-HB vaccine as evidenced by RCH card number 1 were included. Blood samples were collected to determine hepatitis B surface antigen (HB(s)Ag) and antibodies to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HB(s)) and hepatitis B core antigen (Anti-HB(c)). An anti-HB(s) level of > or =10 mIU/ml is regarded as protective. Nutritional and HIV status were also determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 296 children under 5 years vaccinated with DPT-HB were recruited, 153 (51.7%) of whom were male. Altogether, 205 (69.3%) children had anti-HB(s) levels > or =10 mIU/ml. The number of DPT-HB vaccine doses, time interval since last DPT-HB dose and HIV status were significant predictors of anti-HB(s) levels. Five children (1.7%) were positive for HB(s)Ag, suggesting possible vertical transmission. No child had anti-HB(c) antibodies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>More than two-thirds of children under 5 years had protective anti-HB(s) levels. A change in the hepatitis B immunisation schedule to include a dose immediately after birth should improve immunity.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":50759,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Annals of Tropical Paediatrics\",\"volume\":\"30 2\",\"pages\":\"129-36\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2010-01-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1179/146532810X12703902516167\",\"citationCount\":\"22\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Annals of Tropical Paediatrics\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1179/146532810X12703902516167\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Annals of Tropical Paediatrics","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1179/146532810X12703902516167","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
Immunity to hepatitis B vaccine in Tanzanian under-5 children.
Background: Hepatitis B vaccine was introduced in Tanzania in 2002 and is administered as DPT-hepatitis B at 4, 8 and 12 weeks of life.
Aim: To determine immunity to hepatitis B virus in children under 5 years attending reproductive and child health (RCH) clinics.
Methods: A cross-sectional, health facility-based study was conducted between July and December 2007 at Temeke, Amana and Mwananyamala municipal hospitals in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Children under 5 years who had received DPT-HB vaccine as evidenced by RCH card number 1 were included. Blood samples were collected to determine hepatitis B surface antigen (HB(s)Ag) and antibodies to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HB(s)) and hepatitis B core antigen (Anti-HB(c)). An anti-HB(s) level of > or =10 mIU/ml is regarded as protective. Nutritional and HIV status were also determined.
Results: A total of 296 children under 5 years vaccinated with DPT-HB were recruited, 153 (51.7%) of whom were male. Altogether, 205 (69.3%) children had anti-HB(s) levels > or =10 mIU/ml. The number of DPT-HB vaccine doses, time interval since last DPT-HB dose and HIV status were significant predictors of anti-HB(s) levels. Five children (1.7%) were positive for HB(s)Ag, suggesting possible vertical transmission. No child had anti-HB(c) antibodies.
Conclusion: More than two-thirds of children under 5 years had protective anti-HB(s) levels. A change in the hepatitis B immunisation schedule to include a dose immediately after birth should improve immunity.
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