A call for mental health needs assessments in HIV positive children in Africa.

There is a worldwide pandemic of HIV infection. The WHO has compiled estimates of cases of HIV/AIDS for each country. In sub-Saharan Africa, HIV infection is causing decreased life expectancy. There is an overall increase in the number of orphans as a result of AIDS. Poverty, the lack of technologies and adequate resources are widening the gap between Africa and industrialized countries. In the instance of HIV positive children in Africa, we should aim to look into ways to identify and treat those with mental health issues or at risk for future mental health problems. This will help those affected to cope with the chronic illness associated with HIV infection, and to better comply with treatment that may lead to improved outcomes in terms of their quality of life.