Reticular frameworks and their derived materials for CO2 conversion by thermo−catalysis

Reticular frameworks including metal−organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs), and their derived materials have drawn global attention in the capture and conversion of CO₂ as a cheap feedstock into fine chemicals and fuels due to their facile synthesis and programmable highly porous structures. This review comprehensively summarizes the progress in thermo−catalysis of CO₂ conversion by reticular framework−based catalysts to afford chemicals such as cyclic carbonates, cyclic carbamates, formamides, carboxylic acid, carbon monoxide, formate, methanol, methane, and light olefins. Firstly, the characteristics and advantages of MOF−based materials for CO₂ conversion are introduced. Secondly, the characteristics and advantages of COF−based materials for CO₂ conversion are presented. Subsequently, the CO₂ conversion reactions are briefly classified and discussed. Particularly, MOF or COF−based catalysts for each reaction are summarized in terms of catalyst design, catalytic performance and catalytic mechanism. Finally, the perspectives for further development of reticular framework−based catalysts for efficient CO₂ conversion are discussed. We hope this review can provide an inspiration for the rational design of porous crystalline materials for thermal catalytic CO₂ conversion.