[聚氨酯产品生产过程中对亚甲基二苯基二异氰酸酯的职业致敏]。

Problemi na khigienata Pub Date : 1997-01-01
M Nosko, M Demirova, A Savov, M Stoĭnovska, D Baltadzhieva, G Delchev, P Vardev, T Panev
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在国内首次对某亚甲基二苯基二氰酸酯(MDI)聚氨酯制品生产企业进行了复杂的职业卫生和临床变态反应学调查。移动的平均MDI浓度在TWA范围内,但在短时间内超过STEL,达到0.072-0.181 mg/m3。采用临床和免疫变态反应学方法,对46例mdi暴露工人和42例对照进行了呼吸系统、皮肤和眼睛的致敏作用检测。过敏性反应主要表现为支气管哮喘(6.5%)、鼻炎和鼻咽炎(37%)、鼻鼻窦炎(13%)、结膜炎(13%)、荨麻疹和皮炎(17.4%),其中12例(12%)为过敏性疾病合并。MDI皮肤过敏试验阳性24人(52%),MDI-IgE抗体升高4人,与对照组相比,特异性职业致敏具有较高的统计可靠性,推测免疫反应为快速型(IgE),主要为迟滞型(细胞介导)。针对已证实的职业致敏风险提出了各种预防措施。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
[Occupational sensitization to methylene diphenyl diisocyanate during the manufacture of polyurethane products].

A complex occupational hygienic and clinical allergologic investigation in a methylene-diphenyl diizocyanate (MDI)-based polyurethane products manufacture was carried out for the first time in this country. The average MDI concentrations for a shift are within the limits of TWA, but during short operations exceed STEL and reach 0.072-0.181 mg/m3. By clinical and immuno-allergologic methods, applied on 46 MDI-exposed workers and 42 controls, the sensibilizing effect on the respiratory system, skin and eyes was detected. The allergic reactions take the course of bronchial asthma (6.5%), rhinitis and rhinopharyngitis (37%), rhinosinusitis (13%), conjunctivitis (13%), and urticaria and dermatitis (17.4%), as in 12 cases (12%) the allergic illnesses are combined. The specific occupational sensibilization, proved by positive dermal allergy tests with MDI in 24 (52%) exposed workers, and increased MDI-IgE antibodies in 4 workers, is of high statistical reliability in comparison with the control group and supposes immune reactions of quick type (IgE) and mainly retarded type--cell mediated. Various prophylactic measures against the proven occupational sensibilization risk are proposed.

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