淀粉和蛋白质降解率、干草来源和饲喂频率对连续培养系统中瘤胃微生物发酵的影响。

C Y Chen, J T Hsu
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引用次数: 0

摘要

通过3个连续培养发酵罐,研究了饲粮淀粉和蛋白质降解率组合、干草来源和饲喂频率对瘤胃微生物发酵的影响。试验1和2采用3 × 2因子设计,配制6种饲粮,分别含有低(LS)、中(MS)或高淀粉降解率(HS)以及低(LP)或高蛋白质降解率(HP)。饲粮组合为(1)LS + HP、(2)LS + LP、(3)MS + HP、(4)MS + LP、(5)HS + HP和(6)HS + LP。试验1以安哥拉干草为干草源,试验2以苜蓿干草为干草源。在试验3中,两种淀粉降解率(LS, MS)和两种干草源(苜蓿,A;pangola, P)分别采用2 X/d、12 X/d两种饲喂频率。饲粮组合为(1)LS + A + 12 X/d, (2) MS + A + 12 X/d, (3) LS + A + 2 X/d, (4) MS + A + 2 X/d, (5) LS + P + 12 X/d, (6) MS + P + 12 X/d。试验3采用CRD设计。2头瘤胃插管的荷斯坦奶牛饲喂苜蓿干草作为瘤胃液供体进行所有实验。每期6 d,其中适应期5 d,采样期1 d。在试验1和2中,淀粉降解率对瘤胃微生物组成的影响是显著的。细菌总密度和原虫总密度均以MS和HS菌株最高(P < 0.05)。对于VFA、pH和氮产物,淀粉和蛋白质降解性的影响不显著。淀粉和蛋白质在大部分微生物组成(氨氮、微生物氮)上的可降解性无交互作用。在试验3中,12 X/d饲喂频率(MS + A + 12 X/d vs. MS + A + 12 X/d)导致pH升高,细菌和原虫密度增加,淀粉和蛋白质消化率增加。不同干草源改变了淀粉和蛋白质同步效应对连续培养系统氨氮浓度(mg/dl)和非氨氮含量(% DM)的影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The effects of starch and protein degradation rates, hay sources, and feeding frequency on rumen microbial fermentation in a continuous culture system.

Six continuous culture fermenters were used in three experiments to study the effects of dietary starch and protein degradability combination, hay sources, and feeding frequency on fermentation by rumen microorganisms. Experiments 1 and 2 used a 3 x 2 factorial design in which six diets were formulated to contain low (LS), medium (MS), or high starch degradability (HS) in combination with low (LP) or high protein degradability (HP). The dietary combinations were (1) LS + HP, (2) LS + LP, (3) MS + HP, (4) MS + LP, (5) HS + HP, and (6) HS + LP. In experiment 1, pangola was used as the hay source, and in experiment 2, alfalfa hay was used. In experiment 3, two starch degradabilities (LS, MS) and two hay sources (alfalfa, A; pangola, P) were combined with two feeding frequencies (2 X/d, 12 X/d). The dietary combinations were (1) LS + A + 12 X/d, (2) MS + A + 12 X/d, (3) LS + A + 2 X/d, (4) MS + A + 2 X/d, (5) LS + P + 12 X/d, and (6) MS + P + 12 X/d. A CRD design was used for experiment 3. Two rumen-cannulated Holstein cows fed alfalfa hay ad lib were used as donors of rumen fluid for all experiments. Each period was 6 d in length, with 5 d for adaptation and 1 d for sampling. In experiments 1 and 2, the effects of starch degradability on the composition of rumen microorganisms were significant. The MS or HS with HP had the highest total bacterial and protozoal density (P < 0.05). As for VFA, pH and nitrogen products, the effects of starch and protein degradability were not significant. There was no interaction between starch and protein degradability on most of microbial composition (ammonia-N, microbial nitrogen). In experiment 3, 12 X/d feeding frequency (MS + A + 12 X/d vs. MS + A + 12 X/d) resulted in higher pH, which tended to increase bacterial and protozoal density and starch and protein digestibilities. Different hay sources altered the starch and protein synchronization effect on the ammonia-N concentration (mg/dl) and non-ammonia N content (% DM) in the continuous culture system.

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