Topography and morphology of heart action-related EEG potentials

Joint ECG and EEG measurements were performed in 22 healthy subjects under standardized laboratory conditions. Averaged EEG potentials were computed using the R-peaks in the ECG as reference events. Spatio-temporal potential patterns of heart action-related EEG activity were obtained from 26 scalp channels. A heart action-related positive potential was found, peaking over the parietal scalp regions. Its independence from the cardiac electrical field, the source of an EEG artifact that may be confounded with heart action-related brain potentials, is demonstrated. The potential reaches its maximum amplitude of about 0.5 μV at a latency of about 500 ms after the R-peak. Its topography, with peak amplitudes at the parietal electrode locations, is different from the topography of potentials observed in the few comparable experimental studies published so far. This suggests the presence of somatosensory-evoked components in heart action-related potentials and indicates that a renewed discussion of the underlying neuronal processes is necessary.