{"title":"2024年4月中国南方破纪录持续极端降雨事件的可能机制：多尺度系统的协同效应","authors":"Wenqi Pan, Jianqi Sun, Jiehua Ma","doi":"10.1029/2025GL116189","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>In April 2024, southern China suffered a record-breaking persistent extreme rainfall event (PERE), affecting 1.60 million people and causing direct economic losses of 11.98 billion RMB. This study reveals the synergistic effects of sea surface temperature (SST) and intraseasonal atmospheric circulation. Positive SST anomalies in tropical Indian Ocean (TIO) strengthen the western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) via Gill-type response (basical theory describing the atmospheric response to external forces such as tropical SST), enhancing moisture transport to southern China. The 10–30-day intraseasonal oscillation (ISO) along the subtropical westerly jet initiates the event by inducing a low-pressure and ascending motion over southern China. The 30–90-day ISO along the polar front jet sustains the event by intensifying East Asian westerly jet and maintaining ascending motion over southern China. Furthermore, North Atlantic SST anomalies enhance North Atlantic jet stream, promoting downstream propagation of intraseasonal wave trains via energy conversion.</p>","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6000,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025GL116189","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Possible Mechanisms for the Record-Breaking Persistent Extreme Rainfall Event Over Southern China in April 2024: Synergistic Effects of Multiscale Systems\",\"authors\":\"Wenqi Pan, Jianqi Sun, Jiehua Ma\",\"doi\":\"10.1029/2025GL116189\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>In April 2024, southern China suffered a record-breaking persistent extreme rainfall event (PERE), affecting 1.60 million people and causing direct economic losses of 11.98 billion RMB. This study reveals the synergistic effects of sea surface temperature (SST) and intraseasonal atmospheric circulation. Positive SST anomalies in tropical Indian Ocean (TIO) strengthen the western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) via Gill-type response (basical theory describing the atmospheric response to external forces such as tropical SST), enhancing moisture transport to southern China. The 10–30-day intraseasonal oscillation (ISO) along the subtropical westerly jet initiates the event by inducing a low-pressure and ascending motion over southern China. The 30–90-day ISO along the polar front jet sustains the event by intensifying East Asian westerly jet and maintaining ascending motion over southern China. Furthermore, North Atlantic SST anomalies enhance North Atlantic jet stream, promoting downstream propagation of intraseasonal wave trains via energy conversion.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":12523,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Geophysical Research Letters\",\"volume\":\"52 20\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-10-16\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025GL116189\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Geophysical Research Letters\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"89\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2025GL116189\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"地球科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Geophysical Research Letters","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2025GL116189","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Possible Mechanisms for the Record-Breaking Persistent Extreme Rainfall Event Over Southern China in April 2024: Synergistic Effects of Multiscale Systems
In April 2024, southern China suffered a record-breaking persistent extreme rainfall event (PERE), affecting 1.60 million people and causing direct economic losses of 11.98 billion RMB. This study reveals the synergistic effects of sea surface temperature (SST) and intraseasonal atmospheric circulation. Positive SST anomalies in tropical Indian Ocean (TIO) strengthen the western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) via Gill-type response (basical theory describing the atmospheric response to external forces such as tropical SST), enhancing moisture transport to southern China. The 10–30-day intraseasonal oscillation (ISO) along the subtropical westerly jet initiates the event by inducing a low-pressure and ascending motion over southern China. The 30–90-day ISO along the polar front jet sustains the event by intensifying East Asian westerly jet and maintaining ascending motion over southern China. Furthermore, North Atlantic SST anomalies enhance North Atlantic jet stream, promoting downstream propagation of intraseasonal wave trains via energy conversion.
期刊介绍：
Geophysical Research Letters (GRL) publishes high-impact, innovative, and timely research on major scientific advances in all the major geoscience disciplines. Papers are communications-length articles and should have broad and immediate implications in their discipline or across the geosciences. GRLmaintains the fastest turn-around of all high-impact publications in the geosciences and works closely with authors to ensure broad visibility of top papers.
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