塞尔维亚Velika Balanica中更新世古人类牙齿化石。

IF 2 2区 生物学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY
Predrag Radović, Joshua Lindal, Petar Milovanović, Dušan Mihailović, Mirjana Roksandic
{"title":"塞尔维亚Velika Balanica中更新世古人类牙齿化石。","authors":"Predrag Radović,&nbsp;Joshua Lindal,&nbsp;Petar Milovanović,&nbsp;Dušan Mihailović,&nbsp;Mirjana Roksandic","doi":"10.1002/ajpa.70133","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Objective</h3>\n \n <p>The cave site of Velika Balanica in Sićevo Gorge, Serbia, has previously yielded early Neanderthal dental remains from Layer 3a, dated by thermoluminescence to 285 ± 34 and 295 ± 74 ka. We describe and compare four additional dental specimens recovered from the Middle Pleistocene Layers 3a and 3b of the cave: a right I<sup>1</sup> (BH-8), a right I<sub>2</sub> (BH-7), an incisor crown fragment (BH-16), and a left M<sub>3</sub> (BH-15).</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Material and Methods</h3>\n \n <p>The fossil teeth were scanned using micro-computed tomography (μCT), and the resulting digital models were used to record dimensions and assess internal morphology, including the enamel–dentine junction (EDJ). Morphological traits were analyzed on both outer and internal surfaces. Dental measurements were compared to those of relevant hominin samples.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>BH-8 and BH-7 show large, robust crowns and roots, consistent with Pleistocene Eurasian hominins. Linear enamel hypoplasia is present in BH-8 and BH-16. BH-15 displays a continuous middle trigonid crest—a trait considered diagnostic of the Neanderthal lineage. Notably, BH-15 also presents an extreme case of taurodontism, as well as a severe antemortem tooth fracture accompanied by multiple pulp stones, which are rarely recorded in the hominin fossil record.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Discussion</h3>\n \n <p>These findings align with earlier results, reinforcing evidence for early Neanderthal presence at Velika Balanica around 300 ka. While Neanderthals may have been present in the region earlier, this represents the earliest dated evidence of their spread into the Balkans.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":29759,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biological Anthropology","volume":"188 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12498494/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"New Middle Pleistocene Hominin Dental Remains From Velika Balanica, Serbia\",\"authors\":\"Predrag Radović,&nbsp;Joshua Lindal,&nbsp;Petar Milovanović,&nbsp;Dušan Mihailović,&nbsp;Mirjana Roksandic\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/ajpa.70133\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div>\\n \\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Objective</h3>\\n \\n <p>The cave site of Velika Balanica in Sićevo Gorge, Serbia, has previously yielded early Neanderthal dental remains from Layer 3a, dated by thermoluminescence to 285 ± 34 and 295 ± 74 ka. We describe and compare four additional dental specimens recovered from the Middle Pleistocene Layers 3a and 3b of the cave: a right I<sup>1</sup> (BH-8), a right I<sub>2</sub> (BH-7), an incisor crown fragment (BH-16), and a left M<sub>3</sub> (BH-15).</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Material and Methods</h3>\\n \\n <p>The fossil teeth were scanned using micro-computed tomography (μCT), and the resulting digital models were used to record dimensions and assess internal morphology, including the enamel–dentine junction (EDJ). Morphological traits were analyzed on both outer and internal surfaces. Dental measurements were compared to those of relevant hominin samples.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Results</h3>\\n \\n <p>BH-8 and BH-7 show large, robust crowns and roots, consistent with Pleistocene Eurasian hominins. Linear enamel hypoplasia is present in BH-8 and BH-16. BH-15 displays a continuous middle trigonid crest—a trait considered diagnostic of the Neanderthal lineage. Notably, BH-15 also presents an extreme case of taurodontism, as well as a severe antemortem tooth fracture accompanied by multiple pulp stones, which are rarely recorded in the hominin fossil record.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Discussion</h3>\\n \\n <p>These findings align with earlier results, reinforcing evidence for early Neanderthal presence at Velika Balanica around 300 ka. While Neanderthals may have been present in the region earlier, this represents the earliest dated evidence of their spread into the Balkans.</p>\\n </section>\\n </div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":29759,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"American Journal of Biological Anthropology\",\"volume\":\"188 2\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-10-06\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12498494/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"American Journal of Biological Anthropology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ajpa.70133\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"生物学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"ANTHROPOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"American Journal of Biological Anthropology","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ajpa.70133","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ANTHROPOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

摘要

目的:在塞尔维亚Sićevo峡谷的Velika Balanica洞穴遗址,先前已经发现了来自3a层的早期尼安德特人牙齿遗骸,通过热释光可以追溯到285±34和295±74 ka。我们描述并比较了从洞穴中更新世3a和3b层中发现的另外四个牙齿标本:右I1 (BH-8),右I2 (BH-7),门牙冠碎片(BH-16)和左M3 (BH-15)。材料与方法:采用微计算机断层扫描(μCT)对牙化石进行扫描,得到的数字模型用于记录尺寸和评估内部形态学,包括牙釉质-牙本质交界处(EDJ)。外表面和内表面形态特征分析。牙齿测量结果与相关古人类样本进行了比较。结果:BH-8和BH-7具有大而粗壮的冠和根,与更新世欧亚人族一致。BH-8和BH-16出现线状牙釉质发育不全。BH-15显示出一个连续的中间三角嵴,这被认为是尼安德特人谱系的诊断特征。值得注意的是,BH-15还呈现出极端的牛齿症,以及严重的死前牙齿断裂并伴有多处牙髓结石,这在古人类化石记录中很少有记录。讨论:这些发现与早期的结果一致,加强了大约300年前在Velika Balanica早期尼安德特人存在的证据。虽然尼安德特人可能更早出现在该地区,但这是他们传播到巴尔干半岛的最早证据。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

New Middle Pleistocene Hominin Dental Remains From Velika Balanica, Serbia

New Middle Pleistocene Hominin Dental Remains From Velika Balanica, Serbia

Objective

The cave site of Velika Balanica in Sićevo Gorge, Serbia, has previously yielded early Neanderthal dental remains from Layer 3a, dated by thermoluminescence to 285 ± 34 and 295 ± 74 ka. We describe and compare four additional dental specimens recovered from the Middle Pleistocene Layers 3a and 3b of the cave: a right I1 (BH-8), a right I2 (BH-7), an incisor crown fragment (BH-16), and a left M3 (BH-15).

Material and Methods

The fossil teeth were scanned using micro-computed tomography (μCT), and the resulting digital models were used to record dimensions and assess internal morphology, including the enamel–dentine junction (EDJ). Morphological traits were analyzed on both outer and internal surfaces. Dental measurements were compared to those of relevant hominin samples.

Results

BH-8 and BH-7 show large, robust crowns and roots, consistent with Pleistocene Eurasian hominins. Linear enamel hypoplasia is present in BH-8 and BH-16. BH-15 displays a continuous middle trigonid crest—a trait considered diagnostic of the Neanderthal lineage. Notably, BH-15 also presents an extreme case of taurodontism, as well as a severe antemortem tooth fracture accompanied by multiple pulp stones, which are rarely recorded in the hominin fossil record.

Discussion

These findings align with earlier results, reinforcing evidence for early Neanderthal presence at Velika Balanica around 300 ka. While Neanderthals may have been present in the region earlier, this represents the earliest dated evidence of their spread into the Balkans.

求助全文
通过发布文献求助,成功后即可免费获取论文全文。 去求助
来源期刊
CiteScore
4.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:604180095
Book学术官方微信