A review on fate and transport of biodegradable and non-biodegradable microplastics in the aquatic environment

Biodegradable plastics have received considerable attention as an eco-friendly material to replace non-biodegradable plastics. This paper critically reviews recent studies on the occurrence, fate, transport, and ecotoxicity of biodegradable and non-biodegradable microplastics (MPs) in the aquatic environment. The fate and transport of MPs largely depend on their properties, hydrodynamic conditions, and climatic factors. MPs show various levels of ecotoxicity toward aquatic biota. The overall aim of this review is to improve the current understanding on the fate and transport of MPs and help regulatory agencies to develop effective strategies for mitigation of pollution, caused by MPs in the aquatic environment.