[协助自杀的请求和实践——德国缓和医学协会成员调查的结果]。

IF 1.7 4区医学 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz Pub Date : 2025-06-26 DOI:10.1007/s00103-025-04087-5

Julian Turiaux, Isabel Sophie Burner-Fritsch, Martin Fegg, Georg Marckmann, Claudia Bausewein

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景：在德国，几乎没有任何关于协助自杀的请求和执行的数据。本研究旨在描述在德国姑息治疗背景下的协助自杀请求，如何处理请求，以及在哪些条件下进行协助自杀。方法：于2023年10月至2024年1月对德国姑息医学协会所有会员（ = 5667）进行在线调查。基于文献研究和专家试点的问卷编制。使用IBM SPSS Statistics进行定量数据分析©。使用MAXQDA进行定性数据分析©。结果：观看率为434/2585(16.8%)，参与率为337/434(77.6%)，完成率为272/337 (80.7%)；N = 321个数据集被分析。自2020年以来，58.9%（189/321）的参与者收到了协助自杀的具体请求。93.8%（210/224）的自杀者患有某种疾病，主要是癌症（111/210）；52.9%)。自杀意愿最常见的原因是丧失自主权(153/224；68.3%)。参与者倾向于不同意或根本不同意以下陈述：23.6%（52/220）的自杀者被告知支持选项；26.8%（59/220）的人的自杀意愿是坚定的、故意的。52.5%（114/217）的人对自杀意愿进行了结构化评估。在4/10的协助自杀案例中，自由责任和协助评估由同一个人进行。结论：自2020年以来，大多数参与者都收到了协助自杀的具体请求。在许多方面，与会者都很称职地处理了请求。在某些情况下，与会者发现自由责任受到损害。自杀意愿应毫无例外地以结构化的方式进行评估。标准和培训是必要的，以确保协助自杀的请求得到专业处理。

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[Request for and practice of assisted suicide-results of a survey among members of the German association for palliative medicine].

Background: There are hardly any data available on requests for and performance of assisted suicide in Germany. This study aims to describe requests for assisted suicide in the context of German palliative care, how the requests are handled, and under which conditions assisted suicide is performed.

Method: Online survey (October 2023 to January 2024) among all members of the German Association for Palliative Medicine (n = 5667). Questionnaire development based on literature research and piloting with experts. Quantitative data analysis with IBM SPSS Statistics©. Qualitative data analysis with MAXQDA©.

Results: The view rate was 434/2585 (16.8%), the participation rate was 337/434 (77.6%), and the completion rate was 272/337 (80.7%); n = 321 datasets were analyzed. Of the participants, 58.9% (189/321) have received specific requests for assisted suicide since 2020. In 93.8% (210/224), the suicidal person suffered from an illness, predominantly cancer (111/210; 52.9%). The most common reason for a suicide wish was loss of autonomy (153/224; 68.3%). Participants tended not to or did not agree at all with the following statements: in 23.6% (52/220), the suicidal person was informed about support options; in 26.8% (59/220), the suicide wish was firm and deliberate. Structured assessment of suicide wishes was performed in 52.5% (114/217). Assessment of free responsibility and assistance was carried out by the same person in 4/10 cases of assisted suicide.

Conclusion: Most participants have received specific requests for assisted suicide since 2020. In many respects, participants dealt with requests competently. In some cases, participants found that free responsibility was impaired. Suicide wishes should be assessed in a structured way without exception. Standards and training are necessary to ensure that requests for assisted suicide are handled professionally.

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来源期刊

Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生

CiteScore

3.30

自引率

5.90%

发文量

145

审稿时长

3-8 weeks

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