Wendy J Li, Nandini Venkateswaran, Michael Antonietti, Sana Qureshi, Anat Galor, Carol L Karp
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Emerging Techniques in the Treatment of Conjunctival Melanoma.
Purpose of review: In this article, we summarize the pathogenesis, diagnostic challenges, current management, and emerging therapeutic strategies for conjunctival melanoma (CM).
Recent findings: CM is a deadly disease with rising global incidence. Key mutations, including BRAF, NF1, and TERT, play crucial roles in CM pathogenesis and may serve as targets for therapy. Advanced imaging and histopathological analysis have improved early detection and prognostic assessment. Treatment depends on tumor stage and includes surgical excision with adjuvant chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or orbital exenteration in advanced cases. Systemic workup is always indicated. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, successful in cutaneous melanoma, show promise in CM based off early studies, although more research is needed to confirm their benefit.
Summary: CM remains a significant clinical challenge and requires a multidisciplinary approach to diagnosis and treatment. Incorporating genetic profiling and targeted therapies is crucial to improving patient outcomes.
期刊介绍：
This journal aims to offer expert review articles on the most significant recent developments in the field of ophthalmology. By providing clear, insightful, balanced contributions, the journal intends to serve those who diagnose, treat, manage, and prevent ocular conditions and diseases. We accomplish this aim by appointing international authorities to serve as Section Editors in key subject areas across the field. Section Editors select topics for which leading experts contribute comprehensive review articles that emphasize new developments and recently published papers of major importance, highlighted by annotated reference lists. An Editorial Board of more than 20 internationally diverse members reviews the annual table of contents, ensures that topics include emerging research, and suggests topics of special importance to their country/region. Topics covered may include age-related macular degeneration; diabetic retinopathy; dry eye syndrome; glaucoma; pediatric ophthalmology; ocular infections; refractive surgery; and stem cell therapy.
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