新生儿海马体体积和父母在18个月时的结构与早期儿童皮质醇应激调节和4岁时的执行功能有关

IF 10.3 1区医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES

Biological Psychiatry Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-13 DOI:10.1016/j.biopsych.2025.06.005

Mia A. McLean , Joanne Weinberg , Jillian Vinall Miller , Ting Guo , Anne R. Synnes , Steven P. Miller , Ruth E. Grunau

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引用次数: 0

摘要

早产儿（≤32周胎龄）表现出新生儿脑成熟和生理应激调节的改变，这可能与执行功能困难有关。父母的支持性行为与更好的神经发育有关，但儿童对此类行为的易感性可能各不相同。我们调查了幼儿期（1.5岁、3岁）的支持性养育是否可以调节新生儿海马体积、童年应激失调和执行功能之间的关系。

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Neonatal Hippocampal Volume and Parent Structuring at 18 Months in Relation to Cortisol Stress Regulation Across Early Childhood and Executive Functions at Age 4 Years in Children Born Very Preterm

Background

Children born very preterm (≤32 weeks gestational age) display altered neonatal brain maturation and physiological stress regulation that may be related to executive function difficulties. Supportive parent behaviors are related to better neurodevelopment, but children may vary in their susceptibility to such behaviors. We investigated whether supportive parenting during toddlerhood (1.5, 3 years) moderated the relationship between neonatal hippocampal volume, stress dysregulation across childhood, and executive functions.

Methods

In a prospective longitudinal cohort study (N = 188, 100 male), infants born very preterm underwent magnetic resonance imaging at term-equivalent age. At 1.5, 3, and 4.5 years, saliva samples were collected during challenging cognitive tasks and assayed for cortisol; area under the curve with respect to ground (AUCg) measured total cortisol output at each age. Parent interaction was rated from films at 1.5 and 3 years, and parents reported on child executive functions at age 4.5 years.

Results

Longitudinal modeling revealed no direct relationship between hippocampal volume and cortisol trajectories. Children with smaller neonatal hippocampal volume showed greater susceptibility to poorer parent structuring at 1.5 years, associated with altered AUCg trajectories across age, and displayed fewer executive functions in the face of optimal structuring. Lower AUCg across age was related to more positive parenting (sensitivity, nonhostility, nonintrusiveness) at 3 years and better child executive function at 4.5 years.

Conclusions

In children born very preterm, smaller neonatal hippocampal volume may represent a neurophenotype of susceptibility to parent provisions of structure related to stress regulation across early childhood. Conversely, supportive parenting may benefit the development of stress regulation across early childhood and executive functions at preschool age.

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来源期刊

Biological Psychiatry 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

18.80

自引率

2.80%

发文量

1398

审稿时长

33 days

期刊介绍： Biological Psychiatry is an official journal of the Society of Biological Psychiatry and was established in 1969. It is the first journal in the Biological Psychiatry family, which also includes Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging and Biological Psychiatry: Global Open Science. The Society's main goal is to promote excellence in scientific research and education in the fields related to the nature, causes, mechanisms, and treatments of disorders pertaining to thought, emotion, and behavior. To fulfill this mission, Biological Psychiatry publishes peer-reviewed, rapid-publication articles that present new findings from original basic, translational, and clinical mechanistic research, ultimately advancing our understanding of psychiatric disorders and their treatment. The journal also encourages the submission of reviews and commentaries on current research and topics of interest.