A systematic review of the patient reported outcome measures used to assess the impact of periodontitis and peri-implantitis on oral health related quality of life.

Introduction: Periodontal disease (PD) and peri-implantitis (PI) can have a significant impact on oral health related quality of life. It is important that any patient reported outcome measures accurately reflect this impact.

Aims: To identify the measures used to assess the impact of periodontal disease and peri-implantitis on oral health related quality of life. To assess the psychometric properties of the measures identified by applying an adapted version of the Consensus-based standards for the selection of health measurement instruments (COSMIN) checklist.

Materials and methods: A search of the literature incorporated relevant MeSH terms across four separate databases: Scopus, Web of Science, Medline and Embase. Following the removal of duplicates, studies meeting the inclusion criteria were screened. Any condition specific measure or a measure appearing greater than five times was analysed in accordance with the COSMIN criteria.

Results: A total of 2103 articles were identified, of which 140 proceeded to full text review. A total of eight different OHRQoL measures were identified and psychometrically analysed.

Discussion: The majority of measures used to assess the impact of PD and PI were not validated on local populations and were non-specific, generated by clinicians and researchers. The three condition specific measures were adaptations of the Oral Health Impact Profile, a non-specific patient reported outcome measure which may not accurately reflect the specific signs, symptoms and overall impact of PD/PI on an individual's OHRQoL.

Conclusion: There is a necessity for a condition-specific instrument to be developed to ensure that the impact of periodontal disease and peri-implantitis on OHRQoL is captured accurately.