Matching-adjusted indirect comparison and cost-effectiveness of mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome versus Chidamide in relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma in China.

Background: Mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome (PLM60) is a novel liposome formulation, approved in China for the treatment of patients diagnosed with relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma (R/R PTCL). This study aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of PLM60 versus chidamide (CS055) in R/R PTCL from the Chinese healthcare perspective.

Research design and methods: We conducted a cost-utility analysis using a partitioned survival model with a 5-year horizon, applying a 5% discount rate to both costs and health outcomes. Owing to the lack of head-to-head comparison between the two drugs, we employed an unanchored matching-adjusted indirect comparison (MAIC) to estimate relative efficacy and safety outcomes. Utility values and costs were obtained from published literature and clinical expert consultations. Sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate the robustness of results.

Results: In the base case analysis, PLM60 saved Chinese Yuan 77,397 (226,075 vs. 303,472) and gained an additional 0.10 (1.30 vs. 1.20) quality-adjusted life years compared to CS055, making it the strongly dominant treatment option. Comprehensive sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the results.

Conclusion: PLM60 was estimated to be a cost-effective treatment for R/R PTCL compared with CS055 from a Chinese healthcare perspective, which provided patients with an effective and cost-saving treatment option.