γ射线辐照对浓味大曲成熟过程中害虫、理化性质及微生物群落的影响

IF 1.6 3区工程技术 Q3 CHEMISTRY, INORGANIC & NUCLEAR

Applied Radiation and Isotopes Pub Date : 2025-03-10 DOI:10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.111780

Yu Zeng , Yue Qiu , Yu Wang , Xiaopeng Zhang , Dan Wang , Xiaoming Chen , Peng Gao , Liquan Du , Fei Xie , Jin Wang

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引用次数: 0

摘要

大曲是世界六大白酒之一的中国白酒的发酵剂。但是，大曲在孵化和成熟过程中容易受到害虫的侵害，导致质量下降，档次下降。辐照技术作为一种有效的杀虫剂，已被应用于粮食的杀虫剂处理中。本研究采用γ射线辐照对大曲成熟期害虫进行防治。通过分析白酒大曲砖成熟过程中微生物群落和理化性质随时间和辐照剂量的变化，得出最佳辐照剂量。结果表明：经0.27 ~ 0.36 kGy γ射线辐照后，大曲各期害虫均在1个月内死亡；0.27 kGy辐照能提高糖化力和液化力，降低酸度。糖化力与Lactobacillaceae、Marinilabiliaceae、Saccharomycopsidaceae呈正相关，液化力与Lactobacillaceae、Aspergillaceae、Phaffomycetaceae呈正相关。此外，害虫数量与芽孢杆菌科、热放线菌科、热菌科和毛霉菌科呈正相关，表明害虫在大区的活跃可能导致这些微生物的比例增加。本研究为大曲害虫和微生物的防治提供了参考，并为辐照技术在白酒大曲行业的应用提供了新的见解。

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Effects of γ-ray irradiation on insect pests, physicochemical properties, and microbial community of strong-flavor Daqu during maturation

Daqu is the fermentation starter of Chinese Baijiu, which is one of the six major types of liquor in the world. However, the incubation and maturation processes of Daqu are prone to infestation by pests, resulting in compromised quality and decreased grade. Irradiation technology, as an effective insecticide, has been applied to the insecticide treatment of grain. In this study, γ-ray irradiation was used to control pests during the maturation of Daqu. By analyzing the changes in the microbial communities and physicochemical properties of Baijiu Daqu bricks during maturation with time and irradiation dose, an optimal irradiation dose was obtained. The results showed that after γ-ray irradiation treatment at 0.27–0.36 kGy, all stages of insect pests in Daqu died within one month. Irradiation at a dose of 0.27 kGy could improve saccharifying power and liquefying power, and reduce acidity. Furthermore, a positive correlation was found between saccharifying power and Lactobacillaceae, Marinilabiliaceae, and Saccharomycopsidaceae, as well as between liquefying power and Lactobacillaceae, Aspergillaceae, and Phaffomycetaceae. Additionally, the number of pests positively correlated with Bacillaceae, Thermoactinomycetaceae, Thermoascaceae, and Trichocomaceae, suggesting that the activity of pests in Daqu might lead to an increase in the proportion of these microorganisms. This work provides a reference for the control of insect pests and microorganisms in Daqu and offers new insights for the application of irradiation technology in the Baijiu Daqu industry.

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来源期刊

Applied Radiation and Isotopes 工程技术-核科学技术

CiteScore

3.00

自引率

12.50%

发文量

406

审稿时长

13.5 months

期刊介绍： Applied Radiation and Isotopes provides a high quality medium for the publication of substantial, original and scientific and technological papers on the development and peaceful application of nuclear, radiation and radionuclide techniques in chemistry, physics, biochemistry, biology, medicine, security, engineering and in the earth, planetary and environmental sciences, all including dosimetry. Nuclear techniques are defined in the broadest sense and both experimental and theoretical papers are welcome. They include the development and use of α- and β-particles, X-rays and γ-rays, neutrons and other nuclear particles and radiations from all sources, including radionuclides, synchrotron sources, cyclotrons and reactors and from the natural environment. The journal aims to publish papers with significance to an international audience, containing substantial novelty and scientific impact. The Editors reserve the rights to reject, with or without external review, papers that do not meet these criteria. Papers dealing with radiation processing, i.e., where radiation is used to bring about a biological, chemical or physical change in a material, should be directed to our sister journal Radiation Physics and Chemistry.