Operation and Practice of the Scott-Munro Model: Risk Assessment of Intraoperatively Acquired Pressure Injuries.

Abstract:

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of the Scott-Munro (S-M) model in the dynamic assessment of intraoperatively acquired pressure injuries (IAPIs) in adults.

Methods: This study included 8,254 patients who underwent surgery between October 2022 and September 2023. The S-M model was applied for the dynamic risk assessment of IAPIs. The first cycle was set as the baseline from October 1, 2022, to December 31, 2022, and cycles were set every 3 months thereafter. Each cycle was compared with the first cycle and the previous cycle, in terms of IAPI incidence, actual assessment rate of IAPIs in high-risk patients, and accuracy of IAPI assessment in high-risk patients.

Results: The incidences of IAPIs in the four cycles were 0.52%, 0.27%, 0.09%, and 0.13%, respectively. The third and fourth cycles both differed significantly from the first cycle (P < .05). The actual assessment rates of IAPIs in high-risk patients in the four cycles were 13.01%, 47.20%, 90.96%, and 95.67%, respectively (P < .05). Similarly, the accuracy of the assessment of IAPIs in high-risk patients was 38.04%, 67.37%, 89.93%, and 86.58%, respectively, in the four cycles (P < .05).

Conclusions: The S-M model can reduce the incidence of IAPIs, dynamically and effectively evaluate IAPIs, and provide a basis for the management and prevention of IAPIs.