Dana J Agar-Newman, Simon Funk, Emily Cavin, Mary Claire Geneau, Ming-Chang Tsai, Marc Klimstra
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Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine at what threshold of unweighting does SJ height increase. To answer this question, 56 female athletes, mean (±SD) body mass (BM) 76.26 ± 12.40 kg, height 1.68 ± 0.06 m, age 22.23 ± 1.47 years performed 936 SJs, under 4 different external loads. Squat jumps were divided into 6 separate groups based on the amplitude of unweighting relative to BM and an analysis of covariance was run with jump height as the dependent variable, unweighting group as the fixed factor, and external load as a covariate. There was a significant difference in jump height (F (5,930) = 13.65, p < 0.01) between unweighting groups while controlling for external load. Post hoc testing using Dunnett test showed that all SJ unweighting thresholds >2% BM (p < 0.01) resulted in an increased jump height from the threshold of ≤1% BM. Therefore, to maintain the validity of SJs as a measure, a threshold of 2% BM for unweighting amplitude is recommended. Adhering to this threshold will eliminate subjectivity in identifying valid SJs and potentially enable practitioners to automate the process using algorithms.</p>","PeriodicalId":17129,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","volume":"39 3","pages":"295-299"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Determining the Threshold of Unweighting in Squat Jumps: A Study on Jump Height and Unweighting Amplitude.\",\"authors\":\"Dana J Agar-Newman, Simon Funk, Emily Cavin, Mary Claire Geneau, Ming-Chang Tsai, Marc Klimstra\",\"doi\":\"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005019\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Agar-Newman, DJ, Funk, S, Cavin, E, Geneau, MC, Tsai, MC, and Klimstra, M. Determining the threshold of unweighting in squat jumps: a study on jump height and unweighting amplitude. J Strength Cond Res 39(3): 295-299, 2025-Squat jumps (SJs), involving only an upward propulsive phase, are commonly used in athletic assessment and research. Unfortunately detecting an unweighting phase before the upward propulsive phase is typically done subjectively by observing the athlete or inspecting the force-time trace, and there is no clearly established threshold of unweighting for a valid SJ. This reliance on subjectivity to determine a valid SJ has the potential to result in misleading findings or incorrect training interventions. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine at what threshold of unweighting does SJ height increase. To answer this question, 56 female athletes, mean (±SD) body mass (BM) 76.26 ± 12.40 kg, height 1.68 ± 0.06 m, age 22.23 ± 1.47 years performed 936 SJs, under 4 different external loads. Squat jumps were divided into 6 separate groups based on the amplitude of unweighting relative to BM and an analysis of covariance was run with jump height as the dependent variable, unweighting group as the fixed factor, and external load as a covariate. There was a significant difference in jump height (F (5,930) = 13.65, p < 0.01) between unweighting groups while controlling for external load. Post hoc testing using Dunnett test showed that all SJ unweighting thresholds >2% BM (p < 0.01) resulted in an increased jump height from the threshold of ≤1% BM. Therefore, to maintain the validity of SJs as a measure, a threshold of 2% BM for unweighting amplitude is recommended. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
摘要:Agar-Newman, DJ, Funk, S, Cavin, E, Geneau, MC, Tsai, MC, and Klimstra, M.确定深蹲跳的减重阈值:一个关于跳跃高度和减重幅度的研究。[J]力量杂志39(3):295- 299,2025 -深蹲跳(SJs),只涉及一个向上的推进阶段,通常用于运动评估和研究。不幸的是,在向上推进阶段之前,通常是通过观察运动员或检查力-时间轨迹来主观地检测卸压阶段,并且对于有效的SJ没有明确确定的卸压阈值。这种对主观判断有效SJ的依赖有可能导致误导性的发现或不正确的训练干预。因此,本研究的目的是确定在不加权的阈值下,SJ高度会增加。为了回答这个问题,56名平均(±SD)体重(BM) 76.26±12.40 kg,身高(1.68±0.06 m),年龄(22.23±1.47)岁的女运动员在4种不同的外负荷下进行了936次sj。根据相对于体重的未加权幅度将深蹲跳分为6组,并以跳跃高度为因变量,未加权组为固定因素,外负荷为协变量进行协方差分析。在控制外负荷的情况下,未称重组之间的跳高差异有统计学意义(F (5,930) = 13.65, p < 0.01)。Dunnett事后检验显示,所有SJ不加权阈值>≤2% BM (p < 0.01)导致跳高高于≤1% BM的阈值。因此,为了保持SJs作为一种度量的有效性,建议将未加权振幅的阈值设置为2% BM。坚持这个阈值将消除识别有效SJs的主观性,并可能使从业者使用算法自动化过程。
Determining the Threshold of Unweighting in Squat Jumps: A Study on Jump Height and Unweighting Amplitude.
Abstract: Agar-Newman, DJ, Funk, S, Cavin, E, Geneau, MC, Tsai, MC, and Klimstra, M. Determining the threshold of unweighting in squat jumps: a study on jump height and unweighting amplitude. J Strength Cond Res 39(3): 295-299, 2025-Squat jumps (SJs), involving only an upward propulsive phase, are commonly used in athletic assessment and research. Unfortunately detecting an unweighting phase before the upward propulsive phase is typically done subjectively by observing the athlete or inspecting the force-time trace, and there is no clearly established threshold of unweighting for a valid SJ. This reliance on subjectivity to determine a valid SJ has the potential to result in misleading findings or incorrect training interventions. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine at what threshold of unweighting does SJ height increase. To answer this question, 56 female athletes, mean (±SD) body mass (BM) 76.26 ± 12.40 kg, height 1.68 ± 0.06 m, age 22.23 ± 1.47 years performed 936 SJs, under 4 different external loads. Squat jumps were divided into 6 separate groups based on the amplitude of unweighting relative to BM and an analysis of covariance was run with jump height as the dependent variable, unweighting group as the fixed factor, and external load as a covariate. There was a significant difference in jump height (F (5,930) = 13.65, p < 0.01) between unweighting groups while controlling for external load. Post hoc testing using Dunnett test showed that all SJ unweighting thresholds >2% BM (p < 0.01) resulted in an increased jump height from the threshold of ≤1% BM. Therefore, to maintain the validity of SJs as a measure, a threshold of 2% BM for unweighting amplitude is recommended. Adhering to this threshold will eliminate subjectivity in identifying valid SJs and potentially enable practitioners to automate the process using algorithms.
期刊介绍:
The editorial mission of The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research (JSCR) is to advance the knowledge about strength and conditioning through research. A unique aspect of this journal is that it includes recommendations for the practical use of research findings. While the journal name identifies strength and conditioning as separate entities, strength is considered a part of conditioning. This journal wishes to promote the publication of peer-reviewed manuscripts which add to our understanding of conditioning and sport through applied exercise science.