与血铅水平有关的脑区域活动和功能连接的改变

IF 6 3区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Sciences Europe Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI:10.1186/s12302-024-01034-0

Yi Shi, Linfeng Yan, Yang Yang, Fenfen He, Wenhao Li, Jianbin Zhang, Fang Zhao, Diya Wang, Wen Wang, Zaihua Zhao, Xuefeng Shen

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引用次数: 0

摘要

铅是环境中普遍存在的重金属污染物，在职业环境中长期接触铅与认知能力下降有关。我们的目的是通过静息状态功能磁共振成像（rs-fMRI）评估区域均匀性（ReHo）、度中心性（DC）和基于种子的功能连通性（FC）来描述铅诱导的脑功能活动变化。方法在横断面研究中，我们从一家冶炼公司招募了76名参与者。根据血铅水平，26人被划分为铅暴露组（≥300 μg/L）， 23人被划分为对照组（≤100 μg/L）。神经心理学评估包括蒙特利尔认知评估、迷你精神状态检查、焦虑自评量表和抑郁自评量表。参与者接受ReHo， DC和FC分析的rs-fMRI。在ReHo和DC中表现出显著差异的大脑区域被确定为随后FC分析的兴趣区域。我们还检查了铅水平、FC值和神经心理学评分之间的关系。结果与对照组相比，高铅暴露个体双侧脑岛和蚓部ReHo升高，左嗅皮质DC升高。值得注意的是，左脑岛显示右侧小脑小腿、左侧梭状回、左侧额上回和左侧额中回的FC减少。右侧脑岛与右侧额叶中回之间的FC也减少，但左侧嗅觉皮层与右侧脑岛之间的FC增加。左脑岛与左梭状回（r =−0.586）、左额上回（r =−0.556）、左额中回（r =−0.626）、右脑岛与右额中回（r =−0.587）的FC呈负相关。相反，左嗅觉皮层的FC与右脑岛和铅水平呈正相关（r = 0.609），而与神经认知评估呈负相关。结论脑岛协调功能的紊乱可能会显著损害远端脑皮质功能，并导致铅暴露导致的认知缺陷。脑岛似乎是铅相关神经认知障碍的关键区域。

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Altered regional brain activity and functional connectivity in relation to blood lead levels

Background

Lead is a prevalent heavy metal pollutant in the environment, and chronic lead exposure in occupational settings has been linked to cognitive decline. Our objective was to delineate lead-induced changes in brain functional activity through the assessment of regional homogeneity (ReHo), degree centrality (DC) and seed-based functional connectivity (FC) using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI).

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, we recruited 76 participants from a smelting company. Based on their blood lead levels, 26 participants were assigned to the lead exposure group (≥ 300 μg/L), whereas 23 were assigned to the control group (≤ 100 μg/L). Neuropsychological assessments included the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Mini-Mental State Examination, Self-rating Anxiety Scale, and Self-rating Depression Scale. Participants underwent rs-fMRI for ReHo, DC, and FC analyses. Brain regions demonstrating significant differences in ReHo and DC were identified as regions of interest for subsequent FC analysis. We also examined the relationships between lead levels, FC values, and neuropsychological scores.

Results

Compared to the control group, individuals with high lead exposure exhibited increased ReHo in the bilateral insula and vermis and elevated DC in the left olfactory cortex. Notably, the left insula demonstrated reduced FC with the right cerebellar crus I, left fusiform gyrus, left superior frontal gyrus, and left middle frontal gyrus. The right insula also displayed reduced FC with the right middle frontal gyrus but increased FC between the left olfactory cortex and right insula. Furthermore, negative correlations were observed between lead levels and FC of the left insula with the left fusiform gyrus (r = − 0.586), left superior frontal gyrus (r = − 0.556), and left middle frontal gyrus (r = − 0.626), as well as between FC of the right insula and the right middle frontal gyrus (r = − 0.587). Conversely, there was a positive association between FC of the left olfactory cortex with the right insula and lead levels (r = 0.609), whereas an inverse relationship was noted with neurocognitive assessments.

Conclusions

The disruption in insula coordination may significantly impair long-range FC and contribute to cognitive deficits resulting from lead exposure. The insula appears to be a pivotal region in lead-associated neurocognitive impairment.

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来源期刊

Environmental Sciences Europe Environmental Science-Pollution

CiteScore

11.20

自引率

1.70%

发文量

110

审稿时长

13 weeks

期刊介绍： ESEU is an international journal, focusing primarily on Europe, with a broad scope covering all aspects of environmental sciences, including the main topic regulation. ESEU will discuss the entanglement between environmental sciences and regulation because, in recent years, there have been misunderstandings and even disagreement between stakeholders in these two areas. ESEU will help to improve the comprehension of issues between environmental sciences and regulation. ESEU will be an outlet from the German-speaking (DACH) countries to Europe and an inlet from Europe to the DACH countries regarding environmental sciences and regulation. Moreover, ESEU will facilitate the exchange of ideas and interaction between Europe and the DACH countries regarding environmental regulatory issues. Although Europe is at the center of ESEU, the journal will not exclude the rest of the world, because regulatory issues pertaining to environmental sciences can be fully seen only from a global perspective.