{"title":"2017年至2021年期间荷兰断奶猪抗猪链球菌抗生素使用情况的定量分析","authors":"Anita Dame-Korevaar, Chretien Gielen, Jobke van Hout, Martijn Bouwknegt, Lluís Fabà, Manouk Vrieling","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106400","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Streptococcus suis is an important pig pathogen that can cause severe disease in the post-weaning period. As there are no commercial vaccines available in the Netherlands, antibiotic treatment is often necessary to control disease. S. suis is regarded as one of the major causes of antibiotic prescription in weaned pigs, but scientific studies supporting this claim with quantitative data are lacking. The aim of this study was to obtain insight in, and to quantify usage of, antibiotics against S. suis in weaner pigs at sow farms in the Netherlands. Three sources of data were used, including 1) total antibiotic usage in weaner pigs in the Netherlands, as yearly reported by the Netherlands Veterinary Medicines Institute (SDa), and estimates from 2) pig veterinarians and 3) pig farmers on the relative amount of antibiotics prescribed against S. suis, via questionnaires. Information from the SDa on the total amount of antibiotic usage was combined with the estimates of the veterinarians to estimate the antibiotic usage against S. suis in weaner pigs. Our study shows that ∼90 % of the total amount of amoxicillin (AMOX) and ampicillin (AMPI) prescribed in weaner pigs is used for treatment of disease caused by S. suis (S. suis disease). Of all orally prescribed antibiotics against S. suis, AMOX comprises 85 % of the total absolute usage expressed by the mean defined daily dosage per animal farm (3.2 - 5.4 mean DDDA<sub>F</sub>). Furthermore, veterinarians reported that at farms with structural S. suis disease problems second choice antibiotics (AMOX, AMPI) are more often prescribed than at farms with incidental S. suis disease. All together, we estimated that S. suis disease accounts for about 1/3rd of the total antibiotic usage in weaner pigs. This study is the first to quantify antibiotic usage against S. suis in weaner pigs and shows that S. suis is a hotspot of antibiotic usage. This underlines the severity and relevance of S. suis disease and the need for alternative control measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"235 ","pages":"106400"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Quantification of antibiotic usage against Streptococcus suis in weaner pigs in the Netherlands between 2017 and 2021.\",\"authors\":\"Anita Dame-Korevaar, Chretien Gielen, Jobke van Hout, Martijn Bouwknegt, Lluís Fabà, Manouk Vrieling\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106400\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Streptococcus suis is an important pig pathogen that can cause severe disease in the post-weaning period. As there are no commercial vaccines available in the Netherlands, antibiotic treatment is often necessary to control disease. S. suis is regarded as one of the major causes of antibiotic prescription in weaned pigs, but scientific studies supporting this claim with quantitative data are lacking. The aim of this study was to obtain insight in, and to quantify usage of, antibiotics against S. suis in weaner pigs at sow farms in the Netherlands. Three sources of data were used, including 1) total antibiotic usage in weaner pigs in the Netherlands, as yearly reported by the Netherlands Veterinary Medicines Institute (SDa), and estimates from 2) pig veterinarians and 3) pig farmers on the relative amount of antibiotics prescribed against S. suis, via questionnaires. Information from the SDa on the total amount of antibiotic usage was combined with the estimates of the veterinarians to estimate the antibiotic usage against S. suis in weaner pigs. Our study shows that ∼90 % of the total amount of amoxicillin (AMOX) and ampicillin (AMPI) prescribed in weaner pigs is used for treatment of disease caused by S. suis (S. suis disease). Of all orally prescribed antibiotics against S. suis, AMOX comprises 85 % of the total absolute usage expressed by the mean defined daily dosage per animal farm (3.2 - 5.4 mean DDDA<sub>F</sub>). Furthermore, veterinarians reported that at farms with structural S. suis disease problems second choice antibiotics (AMOX, AMPI) are more often prescribed than at farms with incidental S. suis disease. All together, we estimated that S. suis disease accounts for about 1/3rd of the total antibiotic usage in weaner pigs. This study is the first to quantify antibiotic usage against S. suis in weaner pigs and shows that S. suis is a hotspot of antibiotic usage. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
猪链球菌是一种重要的猪病原体，可在断奶后引起严重疾病。由于荷兰没有商业疫苗，抗生素治疗通常是控制疾病所必需的。猪链球菌被认为是断奶仔猪抗生素处方的主要原因之一，但缺乏定量数据支持这一说法的科学研究。本研究的目的是了解并量化荷兰猪场断奶猪中抗猪链球菌抗生素的使用情况。使用了三个数据来源，包括：1)荷兰兽医研究所（SDa）每年报告的荷兰断奶猪抗生素总使用量，以及2)养猪兽医和3)养猪户通过问卷调查估计的猪链球菌抗生素处方相对量。来自SDa的抗生素使用总量信息与兽医的估计相结合，以估计断奶猪中猪链球菌的抗生素使用情况。我们的研究表明，断奶猪处方中阿莫西林（AMOX）和氨苄西林（AMPI）总量的约90 %用于治疗猪链球菌病（S. suis disease）引起的疾病。在所有针对猪链球菌的口服抗生素中，AMOX占每个动物养殖场平均限定日剂量表示的绝对总使用量的85% %（平均DDDAF 3.2 - 5.4）。此外，兽医报告说，在有结构性猪链球菌疾病问题的农场，第二选择抗生素（AMOX， AMPI）比在偶发猪链球菌疾病的农场更常被开处方。总之，我们估计猪链球菌病约占断奶猪抗生素总使用量的三分之一。本研究首次量化了猪链球菌在断奶猪中的抗生素使用情况，表明猪链球菌是抗生素使用的热点。这强调了猪链球菌病的严重性和相关性，以及采取替代控制措施的必要性。
Quantification of antibiotic usage against Streptococcus suis in weaner pigs in the Netherlands between 2017 and 2021.
Streptococcus suis is an important pig pathogen that can cause severe disease in the post-weaning period. As there are no commercial vaccines available in the Netherlands, antibiotic treatment is often necessary to control disease. S. suis is regarded as one of the major causes of antibiotic prescription in weaned pigs, but scientific studies supporting this claim with quantitative data are lacking. The aim of this study was to obtain insight in, and to quantify usage of, antibiotics against S. suis in weaner pigs at sow farms in the Netherlands. Three sources of data were used, including 1) total antibiotic usage in weaner pigs in the Netherlands, as yearly reported by the Netherlands Veterinary Medicines Institute (SDa), and estimates from 2) pig veterinarians and 3) pig farmers on the relative amount of antibiotics prescribed against S. suis, via questionnaires. Information from the SDa on the total amount of antibiotic usage was combined with the estimates of the veterinarians to estimate the antibiotic usage against S. suis in weaner pigs. Our study shows that ∼90 % of the total amount of amoxicillin (AMOX) and ampicillin (AMPI) prescribed in weaner pigs is used for treatment of disease caused by S. suis (S. suis disease). Of all orally prescribed antibiotics against S. suis, AMOX comprises 85 % of the total absolute usage expressed by the mean defined daily dosage per animal farm (3.2 - 5.4 mean DDDAF). Furthermore, veterinarians reported that at farms with structural S. suis disease problems second choice antibiotics (AMOX, AMPI) are more often prescribed than at farms with incidental S. suis disease. All together, we estimated that S. suis disease accounts for about 1/3rd of the total antibiotic usage in weaner pigs. This study is the first to quantify antibiotic usage against S. suis in weaner pigs and shows that S. suis is a hotspot of antibiotic usage. This underlines the severity and relevance of S. suis disease and the need for alternative control measures.
期刊介绍：
Preventive Veterinary Medicine is one of the leading international resources for scientific reports on animal health programs and preventive veterinary medicine. The journal follows the guidelines for standardizing and strengthening the reporting of biomedical research which are available from the CONSORT, MOOSE, PRISMA, REFLECT, STARD, and STROBE statements. The journal focuses on:
Epidemiology of health events relevant to domestic and wild animals;
Economic impacts of epidemic and endemic animal and zoonotic diseases;
Latest methods and approaches in veterinary epidemiology;
Disease and infection control or eradication measures;
The "One Health" concept and the relationships between veterinary medicine, human health, animal-production systems, and the environment;
Development of new techniques in surveillance systems and diagnosis;
Evaluation and control of diseases in animal populations.
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