Overview and management of sacral tumors

Sacral tumors can range from benign to malignant. The sacrum is a common site of metastases however surgical intervention is not common for sacral metastases unless there is neurological compromise. Benign aggressive tumors such giant cell tumors, osteoblastomas and aneurysmal bone cysts (ABC) can be found in the sacrum. Malignant primary tumors including chordoma, chondrosarcomas and osteosarcomas can affect the sacrum. Management depends on the tumor histology including debulking and stabilization for metastatic spine lesions. For benign tumors such as ABCs, intralesional resection is an option. For primary spine tumors partial or total sacrectomies are an option and morbidity is dependent on the level of sacral resection.