Principles of a controlled imaging environment for neonatal brain MRI: Strategies for optimal image quality and safety.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is crucial for evaluating the neonatal brain, but high-quality images require a controlled environment. We discuss principles for creating this environment, including effective planning, presence of trained professionals, monitoring, preparedness for adversity, and ensuring optimal immobility. Planning reduces waiting times and anxiety, and a dedicated imaging team including a neonatologist and a radiologist improve image quality. Monitoring vital signs allows early identification of adverse events, while MR-compatible emergency equipment and a readily available hands-on resuscitation team reduces risk of such adverse events. Optimal immobility is critical for high-quality images. A controlled environment facilitates acquisition of optimal quality images in a quick and safe manner, enabling accurate diagnoses and timely interventions for neonates with brain abnormalities.