Assessment of isokinetic trunk muscle parameters, postural control and quality of life in sedentary and active older adults

Objective

The study intended to evaluate the differences between active and sedentary postural control and isokinetic trunk strength. The secondary aim was to evaluate the participants' total physical activity (PA) score regarding the specific quality of life domains assessed.

Methods

An analytical cross-sectional study involving 64 participants of both sexes aged ≥60 years (60–86 years) was conducted. Habitual PA was assessed using the Baecke Modified Questionnaire for older adults, and participants were classified as active or sedentary. Quality of life was assessed using the SF-36 questionnaire, postural control was evaluated using a bipedal force plate, and trunk muscle strength was measured using an isokinetic dynamometer. The independent t-test, Spearman correlation, and Generalized Linear Model were employed, with a significance level of 5%.

Results

No significant differences were observed in postural control between active and sedentary participants. However, significant differences were observed in the peak touch and mean power of trunk extensors and flexors at speeds of 60 and 180°/s (p < 0.005), except for the ratio between flexor and extensor muscle peak torque assessed at both speeds. Quality of life showed significant correlations with PA level regarding the domains of functional capacity, vitality, and health conditions. The logistic model revealed an association with the domains of functional capacity and pain in relation to PA.

Conclusion

Our results underscore the importance of regular PA practice for the older adult population, indicating the enhancement of health-related quality of life and the strength of trunk extensors and flexors.