四个中低收入国家乙肝疫苗接种的直接和间接影响。

IF 3 3区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Epidemics Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI:10.1016/j.epidem.2024.100798

Margaret J. de Villiers , Edward de Villiers , Shevanthi Nayagam , Timothy B. Hallett

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引用次数: 0

摘要

在纵向和横向传播程度不同的四个中低收入国家调查了乙肝疫苗在人口层面的接种效果。间接接种效果在所有四个国家的疫苗接种计划的总体接种效果中占很大比例（到 2030 年，所有四个国家的间接接种效果均超过 70%）。然而，纵向传播水平较高的国家在疫苗接种计划的前几十年从婴儿乙肝疫苗系列的间接接种效果中获益较少，因此出生剂量疫苗在这些国家更为重要。接种疫苗，即使不能完全控制传播，也会对疾病的发展产生巨大影响，因为它还会提高平均感染年龄，从而使慢性感染人数相对于急性感染人数有所减少。

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Direct and indirect effects of hepatitis B vaccination in four low- and middle-income countries

Population-level vaccination effects of the hepatitis B vaccine were investigated in four low- and middle-income countries with different levels of vertical and horizontal transmission. Indirect vaccination effects constitute a large proportion of overall vaccination effects of the vaccination programmes in all four countries (over 70% by 2030 in all four countries). However, countries with higher levels of vertical transmission benefit less from indirect vaccination effects from the infant hepatitis B vaccine series during the first decades of the vaccination programme, making the birth dose vaccine more important in these countries. Vaccination, even at levels that do not fully control transmission, has a great effect on the development of disease as it also increases the average age of infection, thereby causing a decrease in the number of chronic infections relative to the number of acute infections.

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来源期刊

Epidemics INFECTIOUS DISEASES-

CiteScore

6.00

自引率

7.90%

发文量

审稿时长

140 days

期刊介绍： Epidemics publishes papers on infectious disease dynamics in the broadest sense. Its scope covers both within-host dynamics of infectious agents and dynamics at the population level, particularly the interaction between the two. Areas of emphasis include: spread, transmission, persistence, implications and population dynamics of infectious diseases; population and public health as well as policy aspects of control and prevention; dynamics at the individual level; interaction with the environment, ecology and evolution of infectious diseases, as well as population genetics of infectious agents.