Intergenerationally tied relocation and care circulation: Motivations, struggles, and future arrangements

Objective

This study investigates the processes and experiences of intergenerationally tied relocation in which older parents from mainland China join their already migrated children in Hong Kong to provide domestic and childcare support.

Background

Studies on tied migration have mainly focused on couple-based moves within a human capital framework. With the increasing trend of grandparenting migrants, studies have expanded to address intergenerationally tied relocation.

Method

We conducted thematic analysis of in-depth interview data of 34 mainland Chinese respondents, including 15 parent–child pairs and four adult children.

Results

The decision to relocate is influenced by the established history of intergenerational supportive exchange relationships. The initial motivation for tied relocation is to benefit the adult children. Older parents' postrelocation experiences can affect their later decision to leave or remain, with key factors including financial dependence, emotional stress, and difficulty in balancing the duty of care between migrant children and distant family members. In planning for future eldercare, the goal is to meet the needs of both generations. Options include non-coresidential care, reliance on the parents' hometown sibling network, or living in nearby mainland cities closer to Hong Kong.

Conclusion

The study highlights the complex interplay of family relationships and responsibilities in the phenomenon of intergenerationally tied relocation. The findings unveil the dynamic roles and adaptive strategies families utilize to facilitate the transfer of care and support across generations and geographies.

Implications

Policy and services should be developed to assist aging immigrant families in their adaptation and integration, and formulate strategies for meeting future care needs.