在脂质积累和生长增殖条件下,探讨补硒后谷斑皮蠹的脂质、类胡萝卜素和维生素含量。

IF 4 2区 生物学 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY
Nora Elfeky, Aya Rizk, Mohamed M Gharieb
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:谷蛋白酵母(Rhodotorula glutinis)是一种特殊的酵母,被认为是产生富硒生物质的优质资源,具有特殊的营养和功能特性。本研究的目的是评估不同浓度的亚硒酸钠对谷蛋白酵母脂质和类胡萝卜素合成以及生长的影响:方法:使用气相色谱法(GC)测定脂质的脂肪酸组成。采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)检测维生素。使用透射电子显微镜检测在生长培养基中添加亚硒酸钠对酵母细胞结构造成的改变,以及硒元素在酵母细胞中的积累:结果:在脂质积累(LAM)和促进生长(YPD)条件下,酵母细胞表现出了承受高浓度亚硒酸钠的能力。LAM 和 YPD 条件下的 IC50 值分别为 25.0 mM 和 30.0 mM。在两种生长介质中,1 mM 亚硒酸钠都能促进脂质合成。脂质积累在 LAM 中增加了 26%,达到 11.4 克/升,在 YPD 中增加了 18%,达到 4.3 克/升。在 YPD 培养基中添加 1 mM 和 3 mM 亚硒酸钠可使总类胡萝卜素和细胞类胡萝卜素分别增加 22.8%(646.7 µg/L 和 32.12 µg/g)和 48.7%(783.3 µg/L 和 36.43 µg/g)。棕榈酸是所有处理中含量最高的脂肪酸,其次是油酸和亚油酸。补充 1.0 mM 亚硒酸钠后,水溶性维生素(WSV)和脂溶性维生素(FSV)的浓度普遍显著增加。TEM检查显示,在促进脂质的环境中添加亚硒酸钠后,酵母细胞中的脂质体积累明显减少。这种减少伴随着过氧物酶体形成的增加,表明硒对脂肪酸的降解有直接影响。此外,自噬似乎是硒离子解毒的主要机制。此外,当加入高浓度亚硒酸钠(20.0 mM)时,细胞内细胞器解体,细胞质空泡化,细胞壁和质膜破裂,导致细胞质内容物排出。此外,大量电子致密颗粒的存在也表明细胞内存在硒解毒途径:本研究建议使用含 1 mM 亚硒酸钠的 YPD 来培养谷氨酸酵母菌的富硒生物质。这种方法可提高脂质水平,增加油酸、亚油酸和亚麻酸、类胡萝卜素和维生素的积累。因此,这种生物质有可能成为动物、鱼类和家禽饲料的重要添加剂。此外,解释通过 TEM 检查发现的某些潜在因素,这些因素表明硒对减少谷氨酸酵母在脂肪生成过程中脂滴积累的影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Exploring the lipids, carotenoids, and vitamins content of Rhodotorula glutinis with selenium supplementation under lipid accumulating and growth proliferation conditions.

Background: Rhodotorula glutinis, a specific type of yeast, has been recognised as a superior resource for generating selenium-enriched biomass that possesses exceptional nutritional and functional attributes. The purpose of this investigation was to assess the effect of sodium selenite at different concentrations on lipid and carotenoid synthesis, as well as the growth of R. glutinis.

Methods: The lipid's fatty acid composition was determined using gas chromatography (GC). The vitamins were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Transmission electron microscopy was used to detect the structural modification of yeast cells caused by the addition of sodium selenite to the growth medium, as well as the accumulation of elemental selenium in the yeast cells.

Results: The yeast cells demonstrated the ability to endure high concentrations of sodium selenite under lipid accumulation (LAM) and growth-promoting (YPD) conditions. 25.0 mM and 30.0 mM, respectively, were published as the IC50 values for the LAM and YPD conditions. In both growth media, 1 mM sodium selenite boosted lipid synthesis. Lipid accumulation increased 26% in LAM to 11.4 g/l and 18% in YPD to 4.3 g/l. Adding 1 mM and 3 mM sodium selenite to YPD medium increased total and cellular carotenoids by 22.8% (646.7 µg/L and 32.12 µg/g) and 48.7% (783.3 µg/L and 36.43 µg/g), respectively. Palmitic acid was identified as the most abundant fatty acid in all treatments, followed by oleic acid and linoleic acid. The concentrations of water soluble vitamins (WSV) and fat soluble vitamins (FSV) were generally significantly increased after supplementation with 1.0 mM sodium selenite. TEM examination revealed a significant reduction in lipid bodies accumulation in the yeast cells when sodium selenite was added to lipid-promoting environments. This decline is accompanied by an augmentation in the formation of peroxisomes, indicating that selenium has a direct impact on the degradation of fatty acids. In addition, autophagy appears to be the primary mechanism by which selenium ions are detoxified. Additionally, intracellular organelles disintegrate, cytoplasmic vacuolization occurs, and the cell wall and plasma membrane rupture, resulting in the discharge of cytoplasmic contents, when a high concentration of sodium selenite (20.0 mM) is added. Also, the presence of numerous electron-dense granules suggests an intracellular selenium-detoxification pathway.

Conclusion: This study proposes the use of YPD with 1 mM sodium selenite to cultivate selenium-enriched biomass from R. glutinis. This approach leads to heightened lipid levels with higher accumulation of oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids, carotenoids, and vitamins. Hence, this biomass has the potential to be a valuable additive for animal, fish, and poultry feed. Furthermore, explain certain potential factors that indicate the impact of selenium in reducing the accumulation of lipid droplets in R. glutinis during lipogenesis, as detected through TEM examination.

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来源期刊
BMC Microbiology
BMC Microbiology 生物-微生物学
CiteScore
7.20
自引率
0.00%
发文量
280
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: BMC Microbiology is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that considers articles on analytical and functional studies of prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms, viruses and small parasites, as well as host and therapeutic responses to them and their interaction with the environment.
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