Elisa Romanelli, Sarah Lou Carolin Giering, Margaret Estapa, David A. Siegel, Uta Passow
{"title":"强烈风暴能否影响北大西洋春花盛开后的下沉颗粒动力学?","authors":"Elisa Romanelli, Sarah Lou Carolin Giering, Margaret Estapa, David A. Siegel, Uta Passow","doi":"10.1002/lno.12723","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"The sinking of large particles (i.e., marine snow) has long been recognized as a key pathway for efficient particulate organic carbon (POC) export to the ocean interior during the decline of spring diatom blooms. Recent work has suggested that particles smaller than marine snow can also substantially contribute to POC export. However, a detailed characterization of small and large sinking particles at the end of blooms is missing. Here, we separately collected suspended and small and large sinking particles using Marine Snow Catchers and assessed their biogeochemical composition after the North Atlantic spring bloom in May 2021. During the 3 weeks of sampling, when four intense storms (maximum wind speeds 37–50 kt) created high turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rates and deepened the mixed layer, we observed two distinct sedimentation events. At first, sinking particles were dominated by small (diameter < 0.1 mm), slowly sinking ( 18 m d<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>), particles rich in silica that carried a moderate POC flux (< 6 mmol C m<jats:sup>−2</jats:sup> d<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>) to 500 m depth. Once the storms ceased, the volume of large (diameter > 0.1 mm), fast‐sinking (> 75 m d<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>), carbon‐rich marine snow aggregates (not fecal pellets) increased exponentially and POC fluxes at 100 m depth were more than fourfold greater (30 ± 12 mmol C m<jats:sup>−2</jats:sup> d<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>) than those during the previous event. The aggregates consisted of a mixed post‐bloom plankton community. Our data suggest that the storms shaped the timing, type, and magnitude of POC flux at the end of this spring phytoplankton bloom.","PeriodicalId":18143,"journal":{"name":"Limnology and Oceanography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Can intense storms affect sinking particle dynamics after the North Atlantic spring bloom?\",\"authors\":\"Elisa Romanelli, Sarah Lou Carolin Giering, Margaret Estapa, David A. Siegel, Uta Passow\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/lno.12723\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"The sinking of large particles (i.e., marine snow) has long been recognized as a key pathway for efficient particulate organic carbon (POC) export to the ocean interior during the decline of spring diatom blooms. Recent work has suggested that particles smaller than marine snow can also substantially contribute to POC export. However, a detailed characterization of small and large sinking particles at the end of blooms is missing. Here, we separately collected suspended and small and large sinking particles using Marine Snow Catchers and assessed their biogeochemical composition after the North Atlantic spring bloom in May 2021. During the 3 weeks of sampling, when four intense storms (maximum wind speeds 37–50 kt) created high turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rates and deepened the mixed layer, we observed two distinct sedimentation events. At first, sinking particles were dominated by small (diameter < 0.1 mm), slowly sinking ( 18 m d<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>), particles rich in silica that carried a moderate POC flux (< 6 mmol C m<jats:sup>−2</jats:sup> d<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>) to 500 m depth. Once the storms ceased, the volume of large (diameter > 0.1 mm), fast‐sinking (> 75 m d<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>), carbon‐rich marine snow aggregates (not fecal pellets) increased exponentially and POC fluxes at 100 m depth were more than fourfold greater (30 ± 12 mmol C m<jats:sup>−2</jats:sup> d<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>) than those during the previous event. The aggregates consisted of a mixed post‐bloom plankton community. Our data suggest that the storms shaped the timing, type, and magnitude of POC flux at the end of this spring phytoplankton bloom.\",\"PeriodicalId\":18143,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Limnology and Oceanography\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.8000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-11-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Limnology and Oceanography\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"89\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.12723\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"地球科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"LIMNOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Limnology and Oceanography","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.12723","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"LIMNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Can intense storms affect sinking particle dynamics after the North Atlantic spring bloom?
The sinking of large particles (i.e., marine snow) has long been recognized as a key pathway for efficient particulate organic carbon (POC) export to the ocean interior during the decline of spring diatom blooms. Recent work has suggested that particles smaller than marine snow can also substantially contribute to POC export. However, a detailed characterization of small and large sinking particles at the end of blooms is missing. Here, we separately collected suspended and small and large sinking particles using Marine Snow Catchers and assessed their biogeochemical composition after the North Atlantic spring bloom in May 2021. During the 3 weeks of sampling, when four intense storms (maximum wind speeds 37–50 kt) created high turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rates and deepened the mixed layer, we observed two distinct sedimentation events. At first, sinking particles were dominated by small (diameter < 0.1 mm), slowly sinking ( 18 m d−1), particles rich in silica that carried a moderate POC flux (< 6 mmol C m−2 d−1) to 500 m depth. Once the storms ceased, the volume of large (diameter > 0.1 mm), fast‐sinking (> 75 m d−1), carbon‐rich marine snow aggregates (not fecal pellets) increased exponentially and POC fluxes at 100 m depth were more than fourfold greater (30 ± 12 mmol C m−2 d−1) than those during the previous event. The aggregates consisted of a mixed post‐bloom plankton community. Our data suggest that the storms shaped the timing, type, and magnitude of POC flux at the end of this spring phytoplankton bloom.
期刊介绍:
Limnology and Oceanography (L&O; print ISSN 0024-3590, online ISSN 1939-5590) publishes original articles, including scholarly reviews, about all aspects of limnology and oceanography. The journal''s unifying theme is the understanding of aquatic systems. Submissions are judged on the originality of their data, interpretations, and ideas, and on the degree to which they can be generalized beyond the particular aquatic system examined. Laboratory and modeling studies must demonstrate relevance to field environments; typically this means that they are bolstered by substantial "real-world" data. Few purely theoretical or purely empirical papers are accepted for review.