代谢紊乱中的 DNA 甲基化和非编码 RNA：营养素、膳食模式和减肥干预对精准营养的表观遗传作用》（Epigenetic Roles of Nutrients, Dietary Patterns and Weight Loss Interventions for Precision Nutrition）。
Carolina F Nicoletti, Taís S Assmann, Leticia L Souza, José Alfredo Martinez
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引用次数: 0
摘要
背景：表观遗传过程失调和表观遗传特征异常与各种代谢紊乱有关。营养作为一种环境因素，可通过直接暴露和跨代遗传诱导表观遗传变化，不断改变基因表达并塑造表型。通过食物或补充剂摄入的营养素，如维生素 B12、叶酸、维生素 B6 和胆碱，在 DNA 甲基化这一基因调控的关键过程中发挥着举足轻重的作用。此外，越来越多的证据表明，非编码 RNA（ncRNA）的表达可通过摄入特定的营养素和天然化合物来调节，从而影响代谢性疾病的发生和发展过程。摘要：有证据表明，饮食模式、减肥干预措施、营养素和营养生物活性化合物可调节各种 miRNA 的表达和 DNA 甲基化水平，从而导致肥胖和 2 型糖尿病等代谢性疾病的发生。此外，一些研究还提出，DNA甲基化和microRNA（miRNA）的表达可作为减肥计划效果的生物标志物：尽管营养素补充对 DNA 甲基化水平和 ncRNA 表达的影响仍存在争议，但某些 DNA 甲基化标记和 ncRNA 表达可预测代谢紊乱的风险，并可作为生物标记预测精准医学和营养学框架内疗法的成功与否。DNA 甲基化和 miRNA 表达是减肥效果的潜在介导因素，这凸显了它们作为减肥计划结果生物标志物的潜力。这凸显了饮食模式和减肥干预对 miRNA 表达和 DNA 甲基化水平调控的影响，表明这些表观遗传因素与人体对减肥的反应之间存在相互作用。
DNA Methylation and Non-Coding RNAs in Metabolic Disorders: Epigenetic Role of Nutrients, Dietary Patterns, and Weight Loss Interventions for Precision Nutrition.
Background: Dysregulation of epigenetic processes and abnormal epigenetic profiles are associated with various metabolic disorders. Nutrition, as an environmental factor, can induce epigenetic changes through both direct exposure and transgenerational inheritance, continuously altering gene expression and shaping the phenotype. Nutrients consumed through food or supplementation, such as vitamin B12, folate, vitamin B6, and choline, play a pivotal role in DNA methylation, a critical process for gene regulation. Additionally, there is mounting evidence that the expression of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) can be modulated by the intake of specific nutrients and natural compounds, thereby influencing processes involved in the onset and progression of metabolic diseases.
Summary: Evidence suggests that dietary patterns, weight loss interventions, nutrients and nutritional bioactive compounds can modulate the expression of various microRNA (miRNAs) and DNA methylation levels, contributing to the development of metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, several studies have proposed that DNA methylation and miRNA expression could serve as biomarkers for the effects of weight loss programs.
Key message: Despite ongoing debate regarding the effects of nutrient supplementation on DNA methylation levels and the expression of ncRNAs, certain DNA methylation marks and ncRNA expressions might predict the risk of metabolic disorders and act as biomarkers for forecasting the success of therapies within the framework of precision medicine and nutrition. The role of DNA methylation and miRNA expression as potential mediators of the effects of weight loss underscores their potential as biomarkers for the outcomes of weight loss programs. This highlights the influence of dietary patterns and weight loss interventions on the regulation of miRNA expression and DNA methylation levels, suggesting an interaction between these epigenetic factors and the body's response to weight loss.
期刊介绍：
Lifestyle Genomics aims to provide a forum for highlighting new advances in the broad area of lifestyle-gene interactions and their influence on health and disease. The journal welcomes novel contributions that investigate how genetics may influence a person’s response to lifestyle factors, such as diet and nutrition, natural health products, physical activity, and sleep, amongst others. Additionally, contributions examining how lifestyle factors influence the expression/abundance of genes, proteins and metabolites in cell and animal models as well as in humans are also of interest. The journal will publish high-quality original research papers, brief research communications, reviews outlining timely advances in the field, and brief research methods pertaining to lifestyle genomics. It will also include a unique section under the heading “Market Place” presenting articles of companies active in the area of lifestyle genomics. Research articles will undergo rigorous scientific as well as statistical/bioinformatic review to ensure excellence.
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