Ali Soleimani, Mehdi Delshad Chermahini, Sobhan Yavari
{"title":"关于 BaTiO3 - NiFe2O4 复合材料;微观结构、多铁和磁电性能的研究","authors":"Ali Soleimani, Mehdi Delshad Chermahini, Sobhan Yavari","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130044","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The lead-free <em>x</em> NiFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> – <em>(1-x)</em> BaTiO<sub>3</sub> (<em>x</em> = 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15) multiferroic composites were prepared via the solid-state sintering technique. Microstructure, multiferroic, and magnetodielectric properties of composites were investigated. According to the XRD data (from <em>x</em> = 5 to 15 wt%), the tetragonality factor (<em>c</em><sub><em>T</em></sub><em>/a</em><sub><em>T</em></sub>) and unit cell volume of the BaTiO<sub>3</sub> (BTO) crystal system diminished. Based on SEM images, ferromagnetic NiFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> (NFO) grains are uniformly dispersed in the ferroelectric BTO matrix without additional reaction in the interfaces of two phases. The highest values of dielectric (dielectric constant (<em>ε</em><sub><em>r</em></sub>) ∼ 1905 and dielectric loss factor (tan δ) ∼ 0.049) and ferroelectric properties (saturation polarization (<em>P</em><sub><em>S</em></sub>) ∼ 13 μC/cm<sup>2</sup> and remnant polarization (<em>P</em><sub><em>r</em></sub>) ∼ 10 μC/cm<sup>2</sup>) are attained for <em>x</em> = 5 wt% due to the lowest NFO (non-ferroelectric) concentration. Also, with increasing ferrite concentration (up to 15 wt%), the ferroelectric properties of the composites show a gradual decrease. The saturation magnetization (<em>M</em><sub><em>S</em></sub>) values rise due to increasing ferrite concentration (from 2 to 5 emu/g for <em>x</em> = 5 to 15 wt%). Moreover, coercivity (<em>H</em><sub><em>C</em></sub>) drops from 150 to 110 Oe. The simultaneous observation of the ferroelectric and ferromagnetic characteristic hysteresis loops confirmed the multiferroic effect for <em>x</em> = 5, 10, and 15 wt%. The highest magnetodielectric constant (3 %) is obtained for <em>x</em> = 15 wt% multiferroic composite at the applied magnetic field of 6 kOe.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"A study on BaTiO3 – NiFe2O4 composite; microstructure, multiferroic and magnetodielectric properties\",\"authors\":\"Ali Soleimani, Mehdi Delshad Chermahini, Sobhan Yavari\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130044\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>The lead-free <em>x</em> NiFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> – <em>(1-x)</em> BaTiO<sub>3</sub> (<em>x</em> = 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15) multiferroic composites were prepared via the solid-state sintering technique. Microstructure, multiferroic, and magnetodielectric properties of composites were investigated. According to the XRD data (from <em>x</em> = 5 to 15 wt%), the tetragonality factor (<em>c</em><sub><em>T</em></sub><em>/a</em><sub><em>T</em></sub>) and unit cell volume of the BaTiO<sub>3</sub> (BTO) crystal system diminished. Based on SEM images, ferromagnetic NiFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> (NFO) grains are uniformly dispersed in the ferroelectric BTO matrix without additional reaction in the interfaces of two phases. The highest values of dielectric (dielectric constant (<em>ε</em><sub><em>r</em></sub>) ∼ 1905 and dielectric loss factor (tan δ) ∼ 0.049) and ferroelectric properties (saturation polarization (<em>P</em><sub><em>S</em></sub>) ∼ 13 μC/cm<sup>2</sup> and remnant polarization (<em>P</em><sub><em>r</em></sub>) ∼ 10 μC/cm<sup>2</sup>) are attained for <em>x</em> = 5 wt% due to the lowest NFO (non-ferroelectric) concentration. Also, with increasing ferrite concentration (up to 15 wt%), the ferroelectric properties of the composites show a gradual decrease. The saturation magnetization (<em>M</em><sub><em>S</em></sub>) values rise due to increasing ferrite concentration (from 2 to 5 emu/g for <em>x</em> = 5 to 15 wt%). Moreover, coercivity (<em>H</em><sub><em>C</em></sub>) drops from 150 to 110 Oe. The simultaneous observation of the ferroelectric and ferromagnetic characteristic hysteresis loops confirmed the multiferroic effect for <em>x</em> = 5, 10, and 15 wt%. The highest magnetodielectric constant (3 %) is obtained for <em>x</em> = 15 wt% multiferroic composite at the applied magnetic field of 6 kOe.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":18227,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Materials Chemistry and Physics\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.3000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-10-16\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Materials Chemistry and Physics\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"88\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0254058424011726\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"材料科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0254058424011726","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
A study on BaTiO3 – NiFe2O4 composite; microstructure, multiferroic and magnetodielectric properties
The lead-free x NiFe2O4 – (1-x) BaTiO3 (x = 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15) multiferroic composites were prepared via the solid-state sintering technique. Microstructure, multiferroic, and magnetodielectric properties of composites were investigated. According to the XRD data (from x = 5 to 15 wt%), the tetragonality factor (cT/aT) and unit cell volume of the BaTiO3 (BTO) crystal system diminished. Based on SEM images, ferromagnetic NiFe2O4 (NFO) grains are uniformly dispersed in the ferroelectric BTO matrix without additional reaction in the interfaces of two phases. The highest values of dielectric (dielectric constant (εr) ∼ 1905 and dielectric loss factor (tan δ) ∼ 0.049) and ferroelectric properties (saturation polarization (PS) ∼ 13 μC/cm2 and remnant polarization (Pr) ∼ 10 μC/cm2) are attained for x = 5 wt% due to the lowest NFO (non-ferroelectric) concentration. Also, with increasing ferrite concentration (up to 15 wt%), the ferroelectric properties of the composites show a gradual decrease. The saturation magnetization (MS) values rise due to increasing ferrite concentration (from 2 to 5 emu/g for x = 5 to 15 wt%). Moreover, coercivity (HC) drops from 150 to 110 Oe. The simultaneous observation of the ferroelectric and ferromagnetic characteristic hysteresis loops confirmed the multiferroic effect for x = 5, 10, and 15 wt%. The highest magnetodielectric constant (3 %) is obtained for x = 15 wt% multiferroic composite at the applied magnetic field of 6 kOe.
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