The role of universities in enabling open innovation through the development of digital competence of faculty

The concept of open innovation, which involves the intentional exchange of internal and external knowledge to accelerate innovation, has been widely discussed in business management but, in recent years, has also entered the academic community. This concept aligns closely with the university's mission to advance knowledge, foster creativity, and address real-world problems. The present study aims to examine the role of universities in promoting educational innovation as a form of open innovation through developing the digital competence of faculty and using external sources of knowledge. Accordingly, this study explores the following research questions: 1) What educational innovations are facilitated by developing faculty's digital competence? 2) To what extent are these educational innovations linked to external knowledge sources? The study is based on the following research methods: scientific literature review, focus group discussion with faculty members, and conceptual model development through data triangulation. The findings position digital competence as an enabler of educational innovations and highlight the university's role in creating a conducive environment for open innovation by enabling collaboration with various actors, accessing and sharing knowledge and empowering the participation of diverse stakeholders. Moreover, the study concludes that enhancing faculty digital competence, integrating external knowledge through collaborative spaces, fostering industry partnerships, and investing in digital infrastructure can create a dynamic ecosystem that supports open innovation as an educational innovation.