Emphysematous cystitis, a serious urinary tract infection: A surgery case report.

Introduction and importance: Emphysematous cystitis is a rare and serious urinary tract infection with gas in the bladder, commonly affecting elderly diabetic women. Prompt evaluation and management are vital due to its potential life-threatening nature, associated with risk factors like diabetes, neurogenic bladders, and urinary stasis.

Case presentation: A 55-year-old woman with type 1 diabetes presented confusion, lumbar pain, and urinary symptoms. Elevated CRP, white blood cells and imaging revealed extensive emphysema. Urinary drainage and empirical antibiotics (Ceftriaxone, metronidazole, amikacin) targeting Klebsiella pneumoniae led to clinical improvement. A 14-day treatment was followed by referral to an endocrinologist for diabetes management.

Discussion: Emphysematous cystitis, often linked to poorly controlled diabetes, presents diverse symptoms. Diagnosis relies on imaging, with computed tomography being the gold standard. Symptoms range from asymptomatic to severe, necessitating prompt intervention and tailored antibiotic therapy. Successful treatment involves addressing risk factors, emphasizing glycemic control.

Conclusion: Emphysematous cystitis demands prompt attention, considering its rarity and potential severity. Timely diagnosis and comprehensive management are crucial for a favorable prognosis, highlighting the need for swift physician intervention.