Hannan Younis, Mian Mateen Ullah, Muhammad Adil Khan, Farooq Ahmad, Umair Azeem, Muhammad Waseem, Khurram Mehboob, Muhammad Ajaz, Wazir Muhammad
{"title":"评估大米样本中的天然放射性水平及其对辐射防护的影响。","authors":"Hannan Younis, Mian Mateen Ullah, Muhammad Adil Khan, Farooq Ahmad, Umair Azeem, Muhammad Waseem, Khurram Mehboob, Muhammad Ajaz, Wazir Muhammad","doi":"10.1080/10256016.2024.2412707","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the levels of natural and artificial radioactivity in rice samples collected from various local markets in Islamabad, Pakistan. The <sup>226</sup>Ra, <sup>232</sup>Th, and <sup>40</sup>K activity concentrations were measured through gamma-ray spectrometry with a NaI(Tl) detector. The average activity concentrations were 1.67 ± 1.19 Bq kg<sup>-1</sup> for <sup>226</sup>Ra, 3.31 ± 1.83 Bq kg<sup>-1</sup> for <sup>232</sup>Th, and 88.51 ± 11.65 Bq kg<sup>-1</sup> for <sup>40</sup>K. Calculated radium equivalent (Ra<sub>eq</sub>) values ranged from 7.35 to 18.08 Bq kg<sup>-1</sup>, with a mean value of 11.11 Bq kg<sup>-1</sup>, all below the permissible maximum of 370 Bq kg<sup>-1</sup>. The absorbed dose rates ranged from 6.85 to 16.39 nGy h<sup>-1</sup>, with an average of 10.64 nGy h<sup>-1</sup>, falling below the acceptable limit of 51 nGy h<sup>-1</sup>. The outdoor and indoor radiation hazard indices (H<sub>ex</sub> and H<sub>in</sub>) had mean values of 0.03, both below the threshold value of one. The external and internal hazard indices (<i>I<sub>γ</sub></i> and <i>I<sub>α</sub></i>) were both 0.088, also below the critical value of one. The excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) ranged from 0.28 to 0.11, with a mean value of 0.18, which is less than the critical value of one. Overall, the radioactivity levels in the analyzed rice samples are within the acceptable limits set by the International Commission on Radiological Protection and are below global averages. These results offer important insights into the radiological safety of rice consumption in the study area.</p>","PeriodicalId":14597,"journal":{"name":"Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies","volume":" ","pages":"615-627"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Assessment of natural radioactivity levels in rice samples and their implications for radiological protection.\",\"authors\":\"Hannan Younis, Mian Mateen Ullah, Muhammad Adil Khan, Farooq Ahmad, Umair Azeem, Muhammad Waseem, Khurram Mehboob, Muhammad Ajaz, Wazir Muhammad\",\"doi\":\"10.1080/10256016.2024.2412707\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>This study investigates the levels of natural and artificial radioactivity in rice samples collected from various local markets in Islamabad, Pakistan. The <sup>226</sup>Ra, <sup>232</sup>Th, and <sup>40</sup>K activity concentrations were measured through gamma-ray spectrometry with a NaI(Tl) detector. The average activity concentrations were 1.67 ± 1.19 Bq kg<sup>-1</sup> for <sup>226</sup>Ra, 3.31 ± 1.83 Bq kg<sup>-1</sup> for <sup>232</sup>Th, and 88.51 ± 11.65 Bq kg<sup>-1</sup> for <sup>40</sup>K. Calculated radium equivalent (Ra<sub>eq</sub>) values ranged from 7.35 to 18.08 Bq kg<sup>-1</sup>, with a mean value of 11.11 Bq kg<sup>-1</sup>, all below the permissible maximum of 370 Bq kg<sup>-1</sup>. The absorbed dose rates ranged from 6.85 to 16.39 nGy h<sup>-1</sup>, with an average of 10.64 nGy h<sup>-1</sup>, falling below the acceptable limit of 51 nGy h<sup>-1</sup>. The outdoor and indoor radiation hazard indices (H<sub>ex</sub> and H<sub>in</sub>) had mean values of 0.03, both below the threshold value of one. The external and internal hazard indices (<i>I<sub>γ</sub></i> and <i>I<sub>α</sub></i>) were both 0.088, also below the critical value of one. The excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) ranged from 0.28 to 0.11, with a mean value of 0.18, which is less than the critical value of one. Overall, the radioactivity levels in the analyzed rice samples are within the acceptable limits set by the International Commission on Radiological Protection and are below global averages. These results offer important insights into the radiological safety of rice consumption in the study area.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":14597,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"615-627\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.1000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-12-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"93\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/10256016.2024.2412707\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"环境科学与生态学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2024/10/24 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q4\",\"JCRName\":\"CHEMISTRY, INORGANIC & NUCLEAR\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10256016.2024.2412707","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/10/24 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, INORGANIC & NUCLEAR","Score":null,"Total":0}
Assessment of natural radioactivity levels in rice samples and their implications for radiological protection.
This study investigates the levels of natural and artificial radioactivity in rice samples collected from various local markets in Islamabad, Pakistan. The 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K activity concentrations were measured through gamma-ray spectrometry with a NaI(Tl) detector. The average activity concentrations were 1.67 ± 1.19 Bq kg-1 for 226Ra, 3.31 ± 1.83 Bq kg-1 for 232Th, and 88.51 ± 11.65 Bq kg-1 for 40K. Calculated radium equivalent (Raeq) values ranged from 7.35 to 18.08 Bq kg-1, with a mean value of 11.11 Bq kg-1, all below the permissible maximum of 370 Bq kg-1. The absorbed dose rates ranged from 6.85 to 16.39 nGy h-1, with an average of 10.64 nGy h-1, falling below the acceptable limit of 51 nGy h-1. The outdoor and indoor radiation hazard indices (Hex and Hin) had mean values of 0.03, both below the threshold value of one. The external and internal hazard indices (Iγ and Iα) were both 0.088, also below the critical value of one. The excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) ranged from 0.28 to 0.11, with a mean value of 0.18, which is less than the critical value of one. Overall, the radioactivity levels in the analyzed rice samples are within the acceptable limits set by the International Commission on Radiological Protection and are below global averages. These results offer important insights into the radiological safety of rice consumption in the study area.
期刊介绍:
Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies provides a unique platform for stable isotope studies in geological and life sciences, with emphasis on ecology. The international journal publishes original research papers, review articles, short communications, and book reviews relating to the following topics:
-variations in natural isotope abundance (isotope ecology, isotope biochemistry, isotope hydrology, isotope geology)
-stable isotope tracer techniques to follow the fate of certain substances in soil, water, plants, animals and in the human body
-isotope effects and tracer theory linked with mathematical modelling
-isotope measurement methods and equipment with respect to environmental and health research
-diagnostic stable isotope application in medicine and in health studies
-environmental sources of ionizing radiation and its effects on all living matter