非药物感染预防措施在非典型肺炎-CoV-2爆发中的应用：一项回顾性多中心队列研究。

IF 3.9 3区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Journal of Hospital Infection Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI:10.1016/j.jhin.2024.09.021

I. Dresselhaus , C. Baier , N. Reinoso Schiller , A. Brodzinski , M. Berens , M. Cristofolini , P. Gastmeier , C. Geffers , B. Gärtner , F. Kipp , N.T. Mutters , A.D. Wollkopf , C. Papan , S. Scheithauer

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引用次数: 0

摘要

医院严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）爆发与大流行期间及之后的患者和医疗保健系统息息相关。我们的目的是探索不同大流行期间 SARS-CoV-2 爆发的特点及其感染预防和控制（IPC）措施。我们为 SARS-CoV-2 疫情开发了一个全面的结构化模板，并由六所大学医院填写。主要结果变量是疫情规模（OS）。在 2020 年 3 月至 2023 年 2 月期间，共登记了 80 起疫情和 734 例感染病例。在大多数疫情（85%）中，都成立了接触者追踪（CT）小组。在 13 起（16%）疫情中，CT 小组专门负责 CT，在调整 SARS-CoV-2 波后，CT 与 OS 呈负相关（估计值 (β)=-1.350; 标准误差 (SE) =.274; p

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Non-pharmaceutical infection prevention measures in nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks: a retrospective multi-centre cohort study

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Non-pharmaceutical infection prevention measures in nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks: a retrospective multi-centre cohort study

Background

Hospital severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreaks are relevant for patients and healthcare systems within and beyond the pandemic.

Aim

To explore the characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks and their infection prevention and control (IPC) measures during the different pandemic waves.

Methods

A comprehensive structured template for SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks was developed and filled out by six university hospitals. The main outcome variable was outbreak size (OS).

Findings

A total of 80 outbreaks and 734 infection cases were enrolled between March 2020 and February 2023. In the majority of outbreaks (85%) a contact tracing (CT) team was in place. In 13 (16%) outbreaks the CT team was exclusively responsible for CT, which was negatively linked to OS when adjusting for SARS-CoV-2 waves (estimate (β) = –1.350; standard error (SE) = 0.274; P < 0.0001). Patients as index had a greater association with OS than healthcare workers (HCWs) (β = –0.29; SE = 0.098; P = 0.003). Additionally, the mandatory use of face masks by patients in the presence of HCWs was negatively linked to OS (β = –0.237; SE = 0.08; P = 0.003). The frequency of patient screening during outbreaks varied considerably, whereby higher frequency screenings for SARS-CoV-2 were negatively associated with OS (β = –0.358; SE = 0.109; P = 0.001).

Conclusion

Our data provide insights in non-pharmaceutical outbreak prevention and management, revealing that the mandatory use of face masks by patients in the presence of HCWs and a high patient screening frequency in ongoing outbreaks were significantly associated with smaller outbreaks. Further studies are required to allow for generalizability.

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来源期刊

Journal of Hospital Infection 医学-传染病学

CiteScore

12.70

自引率

5.80%

发文量

271

审稿时长

19 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Hospital Infection is the editorially independent scientific publication of the Healthcare Infection Society. The aim of the Journal is to publish high quality research and information relating to infection prevention and control that is relevant to an international audience. The Journal welcomes submissions that relate to all aspects of infection prevention and control in healthcare settings. This includes submissions that: provide new insight into the epidemiology, surveillance, or prevention and control of healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial resistance in healthcare settings; provide new insight into cleaning, disinfection and decontamination; provide new insight into the design of healthcare premises; describe novel aspects of outbreaks of infection; throw light on techniques for effective antimicrobial stewardship; describe novel techniques (laboratory-based or point of care) for the detection of infection or antimicrobial resistance in the healthcare setting, particularly if these can be used to facilitate infection prevention and control; improve understanding of the motivations of safe healthcare behaviour, or describe techniques for achieving behavioural and cultural change; improve understanding of the use of IT systems in infection surveillance and prevention and control.