COVID-19 死亡率的性别差异:基于美国的大型队列研究(2020-2022 年)。

IF 3.1 Q2 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES
AIMS Public Health Pub Date : 2024-07-09 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.3934/publichealth.2024045
Samer A Kharroubi, Marwa Diab-El-Harake
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:在本研究中,我们旨在利用 Datavant 的死亡指数数据库,按时间和性别评估 COVID-19 大型队列中的死亡率趋势。本研究的主要目的是分析按性别和年龄分类的随时间变化的死亡病例,并找出观察到的差异的潜在原因:这是一个回顾性队列,包含美国和加拿大的死亡病例信息(n = 4,384,265)。我们纳入了临床诊断为 COVID-19(2022 年 1 月至 12 月)(ICD-10 代码:U07.1)的成年男性和女性患者。在 COVID-19 大流行的三年期间,男性和女性的死亡病例均有呈现。此外,还计算了死亡病例随时间变化的性别比例,即确诊的男性患者人数多于女性患者人数。死亡率的性别差异按年龄组列示:2020 年,死亡病例增加到每天 200,000 例,并因美国的社会和/或文化事件而波动。2021 年,尽管美国推出了疫苗,但由于 2021 年 11 月和 12 月期间的节日聚会以及传染性更强的病毒株的传播,死亡病例达到了这一时期的最高峰。2022 年,由于疫苗接种的普及以及第一次 Omicron 激增后自然免疫力的上升,死亡病例有所减少。此外,在大流行期间,COVID-19 男性和女性病例的比例保持稳定;但在 2022 年的前几个月,确诊的男性患者人数明显增加。性别差异表明,职业、潜在合并症、行为和免疫因素等各种因素都起着作用:我们的研究强调男性的死亡率较高,这表明造成这种差异的因素可能有多种,包括社会、行为和生物因素。我们的研究结果凸显了对COVID-19患者实施性别特异性治疗方法的重要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Sex differences in COVID-19 mortality: A large US-based cohort study (2020-2022).

Background: In the present study, we aim to assess the trend in mortality in COVID-19 by time and sex in a large cohort using Datavant's Death Index database. The main objectives of this study are to analyze mortality cases over time, which are categorized by sex and age, and to identify potential reasons for the observed differences.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort containing information on deceased individuals in the United States and Canada (n = 4,384,265). We included adult male and female patients with a clinical diagnosis of COVID-19 (January-December 2022) (ICD-10 code: U07.1). Mortality cases for males and females were presented over a three-year period of COVID-19 pandemic. Sex ratios presenting the change of mortality cases over time was also computed as the number of diagnosed males over female patients. Sex-differences in the mortality rates were illustrated by age groups.

Results: In 2020, mortality cases increased to reach up to 200,000 cases per day and fluctuated due to social and/or cultural events in the US. In 2021, mortality cases reached the highest peak over the time period despite the US vaccine rollout due to holiday gatherings during November and December 2021, as well as the spread of a more contagious strain of the virus. In 2022, mortality cases decreased due to widespread vaccinations and a rise in natural immunity following the first Omicron surge. Furthermore, the proportion of COVID-19 cases in males and females remained stable during the pandemic; however, the number of diagnosed male patients markedly increased during the first months of 2022. Gender discrepancies suggest the role of various factors such as occupation, underlying comorbidities, and behavioral and immunological factors.

Conclusion: Our study highlights higher mortality rates observed among males, suggesting that several factors may contribute to such differences, including social, behavioral, and biological factors. Our findings highlight the importance of implementing sex-specific treatment approaches in COVID-19 patients.

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来源期刊
AIMS Public Health
AIMS Public Health HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES-
CiteScore
4.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
31
审稿时长
4 weeks
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