Evolution characteristics and meteorological impacts of ecosystem regulation service functions in Jiangxi Province, China from 2000 to 2022.

Jiangxi Province is one of the first ecological civilization demonstration provinces in China. Understan-ding the impacts of meteorological conditions on ecosystem regulatory services is beneficial for conducting ecological protection and restoration work. Based on MODIS data, net primary productivity data, and monthly meteorological data from 2000 to 2022, we used models such as water balance equation and soil loss equation to measure the four regulatory service functions of ecosystem in Jiangxi Province, including carbon sequestration, oxygen release, water conservation and soil conservation. We used trend analysis and partial correlation analysis methods to analyze the spatio-temporal patterns and meteorological influencing factors of those four regulation service functions. The results showed that from 2000 to 2022, the annual average values of carbon sequestration and oxygen release in Jiangxi Province were 178.8 and 130.0 g·m^-2, respectively, with annual increases of 0.4 and 0.3 g·m^-2. The spatial distribution of both services was consistent, and the average annual carbon sequestration and oxygen release showed an upward trend in 77.3% regions of Jiangxi Province. The average water conservation and soil retention in Jiangxi Province were 591.8 mm and 723.8 t·hm^-2, respectively, with similar spatial distributions. The annual increases were 5.6 mm and 3.7 t·hm^-2. The soil conservation and water conservation functions of 73.3% and 69.3% regions in Jiangxi Province were steadily improved. Vegetation carbon sequestration and oxygen release was significantly correlated with temperature at monthly scale and seasonal scale. The partial correlation coefficient of those two factors was higher than other factors, which was an important meteorological factor affecting the carbon sequestration and oxygen release function of ecosystem. Precipitation, which was the most important meteorological factor, had a significant positive correlation with water conservation and soil conservation at monthly, seasonal and annual scales. Our results revealed the impacts of climate change on ecosystem regulatory service functions in Jiangxi Province from 2000 to 2022, which could provide scientific and technological support for effectively guaranteeing ecosystem protection and restoration in Jiangxi Province and improving the quality and efficiency of ecological civilization construction.