Organic Electrochemical Transistors: From Lithography to Large-Scale Printing

Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) have attracted tremendous attention owing to their extensive applications on bioelectronics and neuromorphic computing during recent decades. Printing techniques have provided broad prospects for large-scale, highly efficient, low-cost, and low temperature manufacturing of OECTs upon traditional lithography-based techniques. In this review, the recent progress on printed OECT is comprehensively summarized, covering aspects of ink materials, printing strategies, and emerging applications. In particular, device performance of printed OECTs is taken into comparison upon various printing techniques. Furthermore, printed OECT exhibits powerful potential on applications ranging from biochemical sensors to neuromorphic computing, which also deeply discussed in this review. Finally, critical challenges that printed OECTs have to face are listed, following with one-by-one possible solutions and research directions in near future.