Hesperetin-7-rutinoside mitigates erythrocyte dyslipidemia and oxidative stress induced by dichlorvos

In many rural and semi-urban areas of Nigeria, dichlorvos (DDVP) is a commonly utilized pesticide. However, it provokes remarkable health hazards, including erythrocyte toxicity. Hesperetin-7-rutinoside (Hesp-7-Rut), a citrus flavanone glycoside with antioxidant, anti-dyslipidemia and acetylcholinesterase-modulating properties has been investigated for its protective effects against various xenobiotic-mediated toxicities. This inquiry probed the chemotherapeutic role of Hesp-7-Rut in mitigating erythrocyte damage in rats. Forty-two rats were randomly `apportioned into seven groups (6 rats/group): control, DDVP alone (8 mg.kg⁻¹day⁻¹), DDVP + Hesp-7-Rut (50 mg.kg⁻¹day⁻¹), DDVP + Hesp-7-Rut (100 mg.kg⁻¹day⁻¹), DDVP + atropine (0.2 mg.kg⁻¹day⁻¹), Hesp-7-Rut only (50 mg.kg⁻¹day⁻¹), and Hesp-7-Rut only (100 mg.kg⁻¹day⁻¹). Rats were orally administered DDVP for 7 days followed by Hesp-7-Rut or atropine for another 14 days. Blood samples were collected to assess for biochemical assays. Hesp-7-Rut significantly (p < 0.05) rescinded DDVP-prompted increases in erythrocyte nitric oxide, malondialdehyde, cholesterol, phospholipids, and cholesterol: phospholipids ratio. Additionally, Hesp-7-Rut reversed DDVP-elicited decreases in red blood cell glutathione levels, activities of GST, SOD, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and acetylcholinesterase. Overall, Hesp-7-Rut efficiently counteracts DDVP-elicited erythrocyte dysfunction by mitigating oxidative stress, dyslipidemia, and acetylcholinesterase inhibition. These findings highlight the potential of Hesp-7-Rut as a promising therapeutic agent for mitigating the harmful effects of DDVP exposure.